K 



HÄRDER II FORAMINIFERA 25 



^^H Saccammina Sars. (Fig. 8). Shell thick, with labyriiithiform interior ; 

 ^^■pherical, pear-shaped or fusiform, with tubulär prolongations at one or both 

 ^^pnds ; sometimes united together in chains. Ordovician (Ayrshire), Devonian 



(Canada), Carboriiferous and Recent. Entire strata of Carboniferous rock 



near Elfhills, Northumberland, are built up by aS". carteri Brady. 



Large-sized species of Astrorhiza, Fsammosphaera, Saccariimina, Hyperammina, 



and Rhabdammina are described by Häusler from the Upper Jurassic (Trans- 



versarius beds) of Switzerland. 



Thurammina Brady. Test free, monothalamous, irregularly spheroidal, 



usually with excrescences or spiny processes. Upper Jurassic and Recent. 



Siibfamily C. Hyperammininae. 



Test consisting of a globular proloculum and a more or less elongated, some- 

 times hranching portion, but not divided iiito Chambers; free or attached wall 

 of various agglutinated materials. 



The genera Hyperammina, Saccorhim, Tolypammina, Ammolagena, Jaculella 

 and Sagenina make up this subfamily. Some of these occur as fossils. 



Subfamily D. Ammodiscinae Ciishman. 



Test composed of a globular proloculum and long undivided tube, closely coiled, 

 either planospirally- or in changing planes or to form a spiral lest ; wall of fine 

 sand with much cement. 



Ammodiscus Reuss. Test free, composed of a proloculum and long 

 coiled tubulär chamber. Carboniferous to Recent. 



Family 3. Lituolidae Brady. 



Test composed of agglutinated material foi' the most part ; consisting of two or 

 more Chambers ; arranged in a linear, coiled or irregulär series ; apertures usually 

 one to each chamber, but sometimes more. 



The tests included in this family all have the wall composed of ag- 

 glutinated material with a varying amount of cement in the different genera. 

 Throughout the family as here used the tests are composed of two or more 

 Chambers and a definite proloculum is apparent. Usually the tests are 

 composed of a series of Chambers. 



Subfamily A. Aschemonellinae Cushmaii. 



Test composed of agglutinated material, divided irregularly into Chambers mthout 

 a defiyiite ptlan of arrangement. 



Subfamily B. ReophäCinae Cushmaii. 



Test of agglutinated material, sand grains, sponge spicides, etc., with a varying 

 amount of cement, Chambers in a linear series, aperture single at the distal end of 

 the last-formed chamber. 



Reophax Montfort. Test free, composed of a lineal series of Chambers, 



