94 



COELENTERATA— ANTHOZOA 



PHYLÜM II 



Suborder 1. APOROSA Milne Edwards and Haime. 



Septa and theca compact; interseptal loculi usually partitioned off hy dissepi- 

 ments or synapticulae, more rarely hy tabulae, seldom empty throughout. Theca 



either independenÜy secreted, or formed hy fusion of the septal 



or ahsent. 



Family 1. Turbinolidae Milne Edwards and Haime. 



Corallum simple, very seldom composite ; septa numerous, long, and with entire 

 margins. Interseptal loculi empty throughout. Columella usually, pali often present. 

 Theca comi 



The Turhinolidae begin in the Jurassic, and are especially abundant in the 

 Tertiary and at the present day. Sexual reproduction prevails, 

 although a few forms multiply by gemmation ; the buds, how- 

 ever, become separated from the parent animal at an early 

 period. 



Turhinolia Lam. (Fig. 130). Corallum free, conical, with 

 circular calice. Septa produced beyond the theca. Styliform 



Fig. 130. 



Turhinolia bowei-- 

 lanJci E. and H. 

 Eocene ; Highgate, 

 England. 6/^. 



Fig. 131. 



Ceratotroclius duodecimocostatus (Goldf.). Miocene 



Baden, near Vienna. Natural size. 



Fig. 132. 



Fläbelhim roissyanum E. 

 and H. Miocene; Baden, 

 near Vienna. Natural size. 



columella present. Tertiary and Recent ; common in Calcaire Grossier of 

 the Paris Basin, and Eocene of England and southern United States. 



Sphenotrochus E. and H. Free, cuneiform with elongated calice; colum- 

 ella lamellar. Cretaceous to Recent. Type, S. crispus (Lam.). Eocene to 

 Recent. Common in Calcaire Grossier of the Paris Basin, and in the Eocene 

 of the Gulf States. 



Smilotrochus E. and H.; Stylotrochus From.; Onchotrochus Duncan. Cre- 

 taceous. Discotrochus E. and H. etc. Tertiary. 



Ceratotrochus E. and H. (Fig. 131). Horn-shaped ; young forms attached 

 at the apex. Septa very numerous, produced above the theca; columella 

 fasciculate. Cretaceous to Recent. 



Flahellum Lesson (Fig. 132). Corallum wedge-shaped, compressed, free, 

 or attached. Septa numerous. Wall covered with epitheca, and sometimes 

 furnished with spinous processes. Tertiary and Recent. 



Trochocyathus E. and H. (Fig. 133). Horn-shaped, with circular calice. 

 Septa stout ; columella papillous and trabecular, and surrounded by several 

 cycles of pali. Numerous species from Lias to Recent. 



