538 MOLLUSCA phylum vi 



Carboniferous ; Fusispira Hall, Ordovician ; and Soleniscus Meek and Wortlien, 



Fio. 917. 



Turbonüla rufa 

 Phil. Crag; Sutton, 

 England. 



Fig. 918. 

 Odostomia pli- 

 cata (Montf.). 

 Upijer Oligocene ; 

 Nieder-Kaufungen, 

 near Cassel. 



Fig. 919. 



Pyramidella pli- 

 cosa Bronn. Mio- 

 cene ; Niederleis, 

 Moravia. 



Fig. 920. 



Euchrysalis fusi- 

 formis (Münster). 

 Kenper ; St. Cas- 

 sian, Tyrol. 



Carboniferous, are cliaracterised by narrow, anteriorly elongated and canaliculate aper- 

 tures. They probably form a separate family, in which also sliould be placed the 

 Triassic Euchrysalis Laube (Fig. 920). 



Superfamily 2. PTENOGLOSSA Gray. 



Teeth of the radula suhulate, numerous and similar in each transverse row. 



Family 1. Epitoniidae, novum (Scalariidae Broderip). 



Shell turreted, usually narrowly umhilicate. Whorls convex, transversely rihbed or 

 striated. Aperture round, with entire peristome. Operculum horny, paucispiral. 

 Marine. Sikirian to Recent. 



Holopella M'Coy {Aclisina de Kon.). Slender, turreted ; whorls witli fine trans- 

 verse Striae, sometimes cancellated. Silurian to Carboniferous. 



Gallonema Hall {Isonema Meek and Worth.). Turreted, oval to 

 globose ; whorls covered with lamellate transverse ribs ; aperture 

 circular. Silurian and Devonian. 



Scoliostoma Braun. Devonian. Chilocyclus Bronn {Gochlearia 

 Braun) ; Ventricaria and Batycles Koken. Trias. 



Epitonium Bolten {Scalaria Lam. ; Scala Klein ; Cirsotrema 

 Mörch) (Fig. 921). Turreted; whorls strongly arched, with trans- 

 verse ribs, and often also spirally striated. Aperture round, outer 

 lip sometimes thickened. Trias to Recent. Many subgenera. 



Family 2. Solariidae Chenu. 



Fk;. 921. 



Scalaria lamellosa Shell depressed conical, deeply and hroadly umhilicate, without 



Brocchi. Miocene ; nacreous lauer, Whorls 



Baden, near Vienna. , '^ , , 



anguiar ; operculum horny 



or calcareous spiral. The protoconch is 



heterostrophic. Marine. Cretaceous to 



Recent. 



The Solariidae exhibit some resem- 

 blance to the Euomphalidae, from which 

 they are distinguished principally by the 

 heterostrophic protoconch. ^^^^.^^^ ^.^^^^^^ 



Solarium Lam. {Architectonica Bolten) Bronn. Miocene; 

 (Figs. 922, 923). Aperture quadrilateral ; Niederleis, Moravia. 

 operculum horny ; umbilical angle notched or sharp. Jura to Recent. A number 

 of Mesozoic forms confused with this genus probably belong to Euomphalus. 



Torinia Gray. Tertiary and Recent. Bifrontia Desh. {Omalaxis Desh.). Eocene. 



Fig. 923. 



Solarium leymeriei Ryckholt. 

 Tourtia (Cenomanian) ; Tour- 

 nay, Belgium. 



