556 



MOLLUSCA ■ PHYLUM VI 



Family 1. Columbellidae Tioscliel. 



Shell small, ovate to fusiform, covered with epidermis, im2)erforate. Äperture narrow, 

 canal short. Outer Up denticulated internally, thickened in the middle. 

 Tertiary and Eecent. 



The typical genus, Golumhella Lamarck (Fig. 1010), attains its 

 niaximum distribution in the Tertiary and Eecent seas. It is divided 

 into a number of subgenera. 



Fig. 1010. 



Columbella curia 

 Duj. Miocene ; 



Family 2. Buccinidae Troschel. 



Lapugy, Transyl 

 i^ania. 



Shell elongate-oval, covered with epidermis. Äperture ivide, with 

 short canal. Outer Up sharp or thickened. Operculum horny. Cretaceons 

 to Recent. 



Buccinum Linn, Infiated, smooth or transversely ribbed. Spire moderately 

 high ; äperture wide ; canal short, wide, open. Outer lip sharp and thin, inner lip 

 somewhat callous. Distributed principally in waters of the niore 

 northerly zones {B. undatum Linn.). Fossil in the Crag and 

 Pleistocene. 



Cominella Gray (Fig. 1011). Usually spirally ribbed. The last 

 whorl somewhat depressed beneath the suture, so that the äperture 

 forms a small groove posteriorly. Outer lip sharp or crenate inter- 

 nally. Upper Cretaceous to Recent. 



Pseudoliva Swains, (Fig. 1012). Like the last, but outer lip 



with a small basal tooth or notch which ^ . „ 



, 1 1 T 1 T Commella casstaaria 



corresponds to a groove on the body whorl. a. Braun, oiigocene; 

 Upper Cretaceous to Recent. 



Bivona {Pisanella v. 



Fig. 1011. 



Hackenheim, 



Alzey. 



Koenen ; 

 Taurinia Bellardi). Elon- 

 gate-ovoid, spire moder- 

 ately high. Whorls 

 smooth or spirally 

 striated. Outer margin 

 thickened, notched inter- 

 nally. Tertiary and Re- 

 cent. 



Gantharus Bolten 

 (Pollia Gray ; Tritonidea 



Fig. 1012. Fig. 1013. Fig. 1014. SwaillS.) (Fig. 1013). 



Pseudoliva zitteli Petliö. Gantharus sublavatus Ehurna caronis Oval, inilated ; spire and 



Upper Cretaceous ; Fniska (Bast.). Miocene; Enz- (Brongt.). Eocene ; aperture of about equal 



Gora, Hungary. esfeld, neartVienna. Ronca, nearVicenza. , ^t p ■,^ 



length ; suriace usually 

 spirally ribbed and transversely folded. Columella often with weak transverse folds ; 

 outer margin thickened, crenate internally. Aperture posteriorly with a short canal. 

 Tertiary and Recent. 



Phos Montf. Shell elongate, bucciniform, turriculate ; spire sharp, elevated, 

 whorls ornameiited with prominent longitudinal costae, and less salient spiral threads 

 and sulci, often varicose. Aperture oblong ; outer margin lirate within. Columella 

 excavated, plicate in front ; canal short, slightly twisted. Tertiary and Recent. 



Ehurna Lam. {Dipsaccus Klein) (Fig. 1014). Resembling Nassa, but smooth, 

 perforate, and with deeply incised sutures ; outer margin sharp. Tertiary and Recent. 



Nassa Lam. {Älectrion Montf.) (Fig. 1015). Ovate, inflated. Aperture with short, 

 reverted canal ; inner lip callous, expanded ; outer margin usually crenate internally. 



