800 



ARTHROPODA 



PHYLÜI* VII 



a< ina.rated by tlie stnictnre of its legs, probably lived on tbe snrface of the water 

 as do luodern Gerridae. True terrestrial Phasmoidea occiir rarely in Baltic amber 

 and in the Miocene lake beds of Florissant, Colorado. An example from tlie latter 

 locality is Agathemera rechisa Scudder. 



Order 7. DERMAPTBRA De Geer. (Ear-wigs, etc.) 



Flat-hodied running Inseds with prognathous, orthopteroid mouth parts ; antennae 

 simple, consisting of from ten to thirty segments. Fore wings, when present, very feebly 



developed, and forming sJiort, coriaceous tegmina. 

 Hind wings longitudinally and transversely plicated in 

 a complex fashion, consisting ahmst ivliolly of the 

 highly specialised anal lohe. Legs similar, with three- 

 jointed tarsi ; cerci chelate. 



This is a specialised order, wliicli makes its first 

 appearance in tbe Tertiary of Europe and Nortli 

 America. Lahiduromma Scudder (Fig. 1543) is repre- 

 sented in the freshwater Miocene of Florissant, Colo- 

 rado, by about a dozen species. Forficula Linn. 

 ranges from the Eocene to Recent. 



Fig. 1543. 



Lahiduromnia exsulatum Scudder. 

 Miocene lake beds ; Florissant, Colo- 

 rado, a/j (after Scudder). 



Order 8. DIPLOGLOSSATA de Saussure. 



Includes the apterous, parasitical family Hemime- 

 ridae, living in Africa, nnknown in the fossil state. 



Order 9. THYSANOPTERA Haliday. (Physopoda auct.). 



Small terrestrial Inseds with asymmetrical, hypognathous, suctorial mouth parts, 

 short antennae, slender wings which are fringed ivhen present, but are often rudimentary 

 or wanting. Legs similar, tarsi with one or two joints, termi- j 



natedhy avesicularstrudure; cerci reduced ; genital appendages ^"t^"^ 



oj the female forming a terehra. ^fJ 



Several genera occur in the Oligocene and Miocene of 

 Europe, and three in the Green River beds (Middle Eocene) .^ 

 along the White River in western Colorado. Thrips Linn. ; ^^ 

 and Palaeothrips Scudder (Fig. 1544) are examples. 



Fig. 1544. 



t Order 10. PROTOBLATTOIDEA Handlirsch i'aiaeothripsfossuis smdder. 



Green River beds (Eocene); 



Insects usually attaining considerahle size. Read not con- ^''"- '''1^ ^^'''' ^''''^^''^■ 

 cealed heneath the prothorax, with orthopteroid mouth parts, and simple, numerously 

 jomted antennae. Fore wings usually with multifurcate principal veins and numerous 

 cross-vetns; suhcosta well marhed ; anal area distinctly limited by a furrow, anal veins 

 mostly recurved. Hind wings with a distinct, enlarged, and folded anal lobe. Wings 

 capable of bemg folded over the abdomen, and the forward pair overlapping the hinder. 

 Legs non-saltatonal, the first pair som,etimes robust and raptorial. Abdomen rarely 

 slender generally more or less flattened ; cerci distinct ; female sometimes with a short 

 ovipositor. 



This is an exclusively Paleozoic order, intermediate in position between the 



I 



