Pathological Anatomy of the Udder. 



resulting in ulcerations, scar formations or polypoid prolifera- 

 tions, which are difficult to recognize. Sometimes such changes of 

 the teats are characterized by cicatricial contractions (strictures). 

 The udder, which usually becomes affected in the individual quar- 

 ters, may remain either normally soft, or may become somewhat 

 harder in consistence. The yellowish-red, normal color of the 

 cross-section disappears, and changes into a grayish-orange or 

 brownish-gray tinge. The parts which are of a harder and tougher 

 consistence show an increase of connective tissue; the interstitial 

 connective tissue changes into a bluish-white thickened network. 



Fig. 3. 



Purulent mastitis showing necrotic foci. (After Kitt.) 



The edema of the skin which develops at the beginning of the 

 inflammation results sometimes in extensive sclerosis, even the 

 parenchyma of the glands being sometimes dislodged by the pro- 

 liferating connective tissue causing the quarter to atrophy and 

 harden. 



Tuberculosis although almost invariably resulting from a 

 hematogenous infection, appears either in the form of a single 

 focus (tuberculosis uberis circumscripta), or it may be dissemi- 

 nated over the entire parenchyma (tuberculosis embolica dissem- 

 inata), or the tissue may be diffusely affected, becoming infiltrated 

 throughout almost its entire extent (tuberculosis diffusa). These 



