Anopliylaxia. 57 



functionating liemolytic system, and a solution of the blood liemo- 

 lysis results. 



The appearance of "anaphylaxia" may also be produced ex- 

 perimentally with milk (Arthus and Besredka). It may be brought 

 on by raw as well as by boiled milk. 



The phenomenon of hypersensitiveness as is known, results when a proteid of un- 

 like origin is injected into an animal and later after a period of time the same proteid 

 is re-injected. At the second injection (or only after later ones, depending on the ex- 

 perimental animal and the quantity of proteid), the experimental animal reacts violently 

 with indications of extreme sickness (Von Behring, Eichet and Arthus), which may even 

 result in death from convulsions and pulmonary edema. 



Miessner succeeded in producing a hypersensitiveness against 

 homologous kinds of milk in guinea pigs, sometimes after one in- 

 jection, but more markedly after repeated subcutaneous injec- 

 tions, and with the greatest certainty after intra-abdominal in- 

 jections of small quantities of raw milk. The best reaction was 

 obtained in the animals after three intra-abdominal injections 

 of . 5 c. c. of milk, on three successive days. After the preparation 

 of the animal 40 to 50 days should elapse before the test which is 

 made by intra-cardial injections. 



After repeated injections it is possible to demonstrate an ana- 

 phylaxis in most cases even with boiled milk. 



In order to utilize the biological test for milk differentiation 

 several rabbits should be prepared. This is carried out by in- 

 travenous injections of small quantities (5 or more c. c.) of milk 

 heated for a long time to 65 deg. C. The injection is repeated 5 

 to 8 times at intervals of 1 to 4 days. In from 14 to 20 days after 

 the last injection the lactoserum may be tested for its effectiveness 

 and if found suitable, may then be drawn. For this purpose the 

 animal is kept without food for one-half day, (in order not to 

 obtain a cloudy serum), a venous hyperemia of the ear is produced 

 by intensive lighting of the ear with the aid of an electric globe, or 

 by rubbing it with xylol, and the vein is then punctured with a 

 fine hypodermic needle. Several cubic centimeters of blood are 

 drawn, which is allowed to coagulate; the blood clot is separated 

 and allowed to stand for 24 hours in an ice chest. The test is made 

 as follows: 



1. Establish the dilutions of the serum which are capable 

 of producing a visible precipitation in 3 c. c. of milk dilution, with 

 1 :60 physiological salt solution, or 



2. Establish the dilution of milk with 1 :10 physiological salt 

 solution, in which when mixed in the relation of 1:6, the lacto- 

 serum still produces a precipitation. 



The most active lactoserum is the best adapted for use. 



The rabbit is bled to death (slight anesthesia-opening of the 

 thorax-puncturing of the heart), the blood for the collection of the 

 serum is allowed to stand, the serum is drawn off in quantities of 

 2 to 5 c. c. into small vials, and placed in an ice box for safekeeping. 



