128 Mastitis. 



suspicious of being contaminated with the infective agents, and 

 therefore should be prohibited from entering the market. 



According to Weichel reports on paratyphus and enteritidis 

 infections which may be traced to milk are rare, and no publications 

 can be found which absolutely trace affections in man to a coli- 

 paratyphus mastitis. 



The Dairy Journal of Berlin reported in 1900 that according to "Dag. Nyheter" 

 nine families in Stockholm became affected with symptoms of meat poisoning (fever, 

 depression, fainting spells, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, muscular cramps). The milk, to 

 the consumption of which the affection was traced, originated from 14 cows, one of 

 which suffered from an inflammation of the udder. In the secretion of the affected 

 udder the same bacteria were found as in the feces of the affected people. 



Two female attendants of the stable from which the injurious milk was obtained also 

 became affected with similar symptoms. 



The observation of Moro also belongs here. Moro observed in six persons after the 

 consumption of milk from a goat suffering with a gangrenous inflammation of the 

 udder, chills, nausea, headaches, and 11 hours later colic, vomiting and thirst. The 

 milk was consumed mixed with coffee. 



Weigmann and Gruber report a case of injurious effect (vomiting), from cream 

 which had been prepared from mastitis milk, and they traced the affection to a bacillus 

 of the colon group (immobilis). 



Weichel fed a six-weeks old dog with the milk of a goat which was artifically 

 infected in the udder with a paratyphus strain from septic mastitis. The feeding was 

 undertaken after the appearance of the mastitis in the goat. Three hours after the 

 consumption of 200 c. c. of the secretion the dog showed marked symptoms of restlessness 

 and barked frequently; lachrymation and later repeated vomiting appeared. He soon 

 recovered but refused to partake again of this milk. 



Only after 60 c. c. of this fluid had been mixed with 200 c. c. of good milk would 

 he touch it ; he then took a small quantity but with apparent distaste. Within five minutes 

 he showed pain, and manifested similar symptoms as the day before, but again recovered 

 before the following day. 



In a second feeding experiment on a seven-weeks old dachshund the affection 

 commenced only on the fifth day of the experiment. The animal became listless, refused 

 food, whined, and in addition lachrymation, nasal discharge, and periodical chills 

 appeared. This dog also recovered on the second day. 



Weichel also reports a case in which the wife and daughter of a 

 dairyman became affected with a diarrhea after the ingestion of 

 inflammatory products of a cow with coli-mastitis. The dog of the 

 owner also showed similar symptoms after drinking the milk. 



As milk offers very favorable conditions for the multiplication 

 of bacteria of this group, the danger from milk containing coli- 

 paratyphus bacteria must be considered greater than in the case 

 of meat bearing the same infection. Various data exist relative to 

 the resistance of these bacteria towards influences of heat. 



According to Fischer heating to 60 desr. C. for a half hour does 

 not suffice to kill all paratyphus germs ; likewise some of the bac- 

 teria remained active after heating the milk for 10 to 35 minutes at 

 70 deg. or for five minutes at 75 deg. C. 



Although Kolle states that the typhoid, paratyphoid, and 

 enteritidis bacteria are without exception destroyed when sub- 

 jected to a temperature of 59 deg. C. for 10 minutes, nevertheless it 

 must be remembered that the conditions in milk are markedly dif- 

 ferent than in suspensions of culture, and that some of the varieties 

 are capable of producing a heat-resisting toxin. According to Gart- 

 ner the toxins of the meat-poisoning organisms withstand 100 and 



