192 Infections of Man from Milk. 



through attendants and other intermediate hosts, especially 

 through bacilli carriers. Konradi positively demonstrated typhoid 

 bacilli in such milk. Levy and Jakobstal discovered true typhoid 

 bacilli in an abscess of a cow so that under certain conditions it 

 should be considered possible for typhoid bacilli to gain entrance 

 into the milk directly from the udder of the cow. 



2. Paratyphoid Fever. All that applies to typhoid bacilli 

 holds equally true for paratyphoid, and to other bacteria of that 

 type, for instance the Bacillus enteritidis and the Bacillus paracoli. 



In these affections especial attention should be directed to 

 the animals which are affected with intestinal inflammations, 

 purulent metritis, and acute, severe inflammations of the udder, 

 and also to stables in which white scours of calves and calf-ill 

 occur frequently. 



The possibility of the transmission of scours to man has been 

 indicated by Lenz, Jehle and Charleton. Up to the present time, 

 however, its certain transmissibility through milk has not been 

 satisfactorily demonstrated. 



3. Cholera. 



4. Diphtheria. 



5. Tuberculosis. Babinowitsch demonstrated tubercle bacilli 

 of human type in milk. 



6. Scarlet Fever. 



The sanitary police or the authorities in charge of milk con- 

 trol in all cases in which a suspicion prevails that such diseases 

 have been transmitted through milk can provide that the possi- 

 bility of the continued spread of such infections should be pre- 

 vented. The sanitary police authorities should continuously im- 

 press upon all persons interested in the production of milk, and 

 in the dairy industry, that there are always possibilities of the 

 transmission of disease ; and the attendant physicians should cau- 

 tion the patients and their families as to the danger of allowing 

 it to spread further, and any violations should be dealt with to 

 the extent of the law. 



The health authorities of a locality at every appearance of a 

 dangerous epidemic should consider the possibility of the develop- 

 ment of the disease through milk consumption, and should trace 

 the places from which the affected persons and their families 

 draw their milk supply. If from these investigations there exists 

 the slightest cause to assume that the milk supply may be the 

 original cause, the attending physicians should cause a further 

 investigation of the matter. In the meantime the suspected milk 

 should be rendered harmless by pasteurization. 



With these remarks an intrusion has been made into the 

 chapter upon "the supervision of the milk traffic and milk control," 

 which will be given special consideration. 



