212 Milk. Inspection. 



5. The sample bottles must be filled up to the neck, in order 

 to prevent the formation of butter during transportation. 



6. The bottles should be closed so that an unauthorized open- 

 ing is excluded. 



The transportation to the place of examination must take 

 place as soon as possible after the taking of the samples, and if 

 transported by rail, sufficient packing should be provided to pre- 

 vent breakage of the bottles. 



If samples are desired from individual cows and not market 

 or mixed milk samples, smaller amounts, for instance, 100 gms. 

 or less, are sufficient, provided that only an examination for in- 

 flammation of the udder is involved. With samples taken for 

 chemical examination from individual cows, a complete milk- 

 ing is necessary for satisfactory results. If examinations as to 

 changes of milk through diseases are to be made, at least y 2 liter 

 must be sent in from each milking until the day after recovery. 

 In certain cases, for instance, with emergency inoculation in foot- 

 and-mouth disease, the taking of samples must begin before the 

 inoculation and continue until complete recovery. 



When examinations for inflammation of the udder are desired, 

 the sample of milk may be poured into a reagent glass by means of 

 a dipper, which must be thoroughly cleansed after each sample, 

 or, the samples are taken in such a manner that in pouring the 

 milk from each cow from the milk pail into the cooler, the opening 

 of the reagent glass is kept in a position to fill the glass. 



In taking samples from each quarter, it is advisable to milk 

 the secretion of each quarter in a cleanly manner into the reagent 

 glass. The sample is taken from the middle milking, that is after 

 the quarter has been partially milked. All samples have to be 

 accurately marked according to cow and quarter. 



In protracted examinations, for instance, for the detection of 

 tubercle bacilli, it is recommended to divide the animals of large 

 herds into groups, and to collect the milk from each five or ten 

 cows into a sample bottle. 



For the determination of dirt in milk, which rapidly sinks to 

 the bottom, it is recommended to take an average sample from the 

 well-mixed milk, and allow the sediment to settle in a separate 

 container, which is examined after the milk is poured off. 



After arrival at the laboratory, the samples must be examined 

 as soon as possible ; however, until the examination, they must be 

 kept in the ice-box or in the cooler. 



(b) Examination of Milk. 



The veterinarian may have to perform the preliminary testing 

 of milk as to adulterations, but he will especially have to consider 

 the changes in milk which are caused by animal diseases, inflamma- 

 tion of the udder, or he has to pass judgment on possible changes 

 caused by certain external or internal influences. A final opinion 



