Standards for Certified Milk. 257 



4. Construction of stables. The stables shall be constructed 

 so as to facilitate the prompt and easy removal of waste products. 

 The floors and platforms shall be made of cement or other non- 

 absorbent material and the gutters of cement only. The floors 

 shall be properly graded and drained, and the manure gutters 

 shall be from 6 to 8 inches deep and so placed in relation to the 

 platform that all manure will drop into them. 



5. The inside surface of the walls and all interior construc- 

 tion shall be smooth, with tight joints, and shall be capable of 

 shedding water. The ceiling shall be of smooth material and dust 

 tight. All horizontal and slanting surfaces which might harbor 

 dust shall be avoided. 



6. Drinking and feed troughs. Drinking troughs or basins 

 shall be drained and cleaned each day, and feed troughs and mix- 

 ing floors shall be kept in a clean and sanitary condition. 



7. Stanchions. Stanchions, when used, shall be constructed 

 of iron pipes or hardwood, and throat latches shall be provided 

 to prevent the cows from lying down between the time of cleaning 

 and the time of milking. 



8. Ventilation. The cow stables shall be provided with ade- 

 quate ventilation either by means of some approved artificial de- 

 vice, or by the substitution of cheesecloth for glass in the windows, 

 each cow to be provided with a minimum of 600 cubic feet of air 

 space. 



9. Windows. A sufficient number of windows shall be in- 

 stalled and so distributed as to provide satisfactory light and a 

 maximum of sunshine, 2 feet square of window area to each 600 

 cubic feet of air space to represent the minimum. The coverings 

 of such windows shall be kept free from dust and dirt. 



10. Exclusion of flies, etc. All necessary measures should 

 be taken to prevent the entrance of flies and other insects and 

 rats and other vermin into all the buildings. 



11. Exclusion of animals from the herd. No horses, hogs, 

 dogs, or other animals or fowls shall be allowed to come in contact 

 with the certified herd, either in the stables or elsewhere. 



12. Bedding. No dusty or moldy hay or straw, bedding from 

 horse stalls, or other unclean materials shall be used for bedding 

 the cows. Only bedding which is clean, dry, and absorbent may 

 be used, preferably shavings or straw. 



13. Cleaning stable and disposal of manure. Soiled bedding 

 and manure shall be removed at least twice daily, and the floors 

 shall be swept and kept free from refuse. Such cleaning shall be 

 done at least one hour before the milking time. Manure, when 

 removed, shall be drawn to the field or temporarily stored in con- 

 tainers so screened as to exclude flies. Manure shall not be even 

 temporarily stored within 300 feet of the barn or dairy building. 



14. Cleaning of cows. Each cow in the herd shall be groomed 

 daily, and no manure, mud, or filth shall be allowed to remain 



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