THE PANCREATIC JUICE. 135 



water, a clot is formed, which redissolves on warming the solution or 

 on adding an excess of sodium chloride. 



Amount. The amount of pancreatic juice which is secreted in 

 the twenty-four hours is variable, and largely dependent upon the 

 quantity and quality of the food ingested. From permanent fistulse 

 45-100 grammes are supposedly secreted pro kilogramme of the 

 animal. This figure, however, is no doubt too high, and Bidder and 

 Schmidt have estimated that under normal conditions the secretion 

 probably does not exceed 5 grammes pro kilo. 



In a recent case of pancreatic fistula, observed in man, Pfaff re- 

 ports that 600 c.c. of the secretion were obtained in twenty-four 

 hours. This figure thus more nearly corresponds to the results 

 reached by Bidder and Schmidt. 



Chemical Composition. A general idea of the chemical composi- 

 tion of the pancreatic juice of the dog may be formed from the 

 accompanying analyses, which are taken from C. Schmidt and 

 Kriiger. In these the essential points of difference which exist 

 between the normal fluid, as compared with the secretion obtained 

 from permanent fistulae, are well shown. I have further added two 

 analyses of human pancreatic juice which were made by Herter and 

 Zawadsky. In Herter's case an accumulation of the secretion had 

 taken place in the duct, owing to a pressure-stenosis, which was pro- 

 duced by a carcinomatous growth ; while Zawadsky's material was 

 obtained from a pancreatic fistula which had remained after removal 

 of a pancreatic tumor. 



Of the two secretions, the first is manifestly abnormal (see below), 

 while the analytical results in the second case conform closely with 

 the figures which were obtained by Schmidt in what may be regarded 

 as the normal pancreatic juice of the dog. 



I have finally appended an analysis of the contents of a pancreatic 

 cyst, which in its general composition resembles the secretion ob- 

 tained from permanent fistulse in animals. Trypsin, however, was 

 absent. 



Secretion from a tern- Secretion from a per- 



porary fistula of the manent fistula of the 



dog. clog. 



(C. Schmidt.) (Kriiger.) 



Water 900.8 980.44 



Solids 99.2 19.60 



Albumins, peptones, and "I ftn 1Q 

 ferments. f ' 



Organic matter, comprising ") 



leucin, ty rosin, xanthins, \ 30.4 3.3 



soaps, and fats. j 



Mineral constituents 8.8 3.57 



Sodium chloride 7.35 0.93 



Potassium chloride .... 0.02 0.07 



Phosphate of calcium . . . 0.41 0.01 



Phospluite of magnesium . . 0.12 0.02 



Lime and magnesia .... 0.32 2.53 



