PHYLUM ARTHROPODA 



635 



This order includes Fleas, Gnats, and Mosquitoes (Fig. 511), 

 House-flies and Blow-flies, Bot-flies (Fig. 512), Crane-flies, and 

 " Daddy-long-legs." 



FIG. 513. Butterfly (Pieris), with caterpillar aud chrysalis stages. (After Gueriu and Percheron.) 



ORDER 6. LEPIDOKTERA. 



Insects with both pairs of wings well developed and covered 

 with scales (modified hairs). The maxillae are modified to form 

 an elongated sucking tube, which can be 

 rolled up spirally ; the other parts of the 

 mouth are rudimentary, with the ex- 

 ception of the labial palpi. The pro- 

 thorax is fused with the mesothorax. 

 The metamorphosis is complete. 



This order includes Butterflies (Fig. 

 513) and Moths. 



ORDER 7. COLEOPTERA. 



Insects in which the anterior pair of 

 wings take the form of hard horny 

 wing-cases, or elytra, which, when at rest, 

 are folded up along the back and cover 

 over the folded-up membranous pos- 

 terior wings. The prothorax is movable 

 on the other segments. The jaws are fully 

 developed, and adapted for biting and chewing. The metamor- 

 phosis is complete. 



This order includes the true Beetles (Fig. 514). 



FIG. 514.- Beetle (Crioceris) 

 with larva. (After Guerin 

 and Percheron.) 



