THE CLASSIFICATION OF BACTERIA 347 



12. Spirillum sanguineum (Ehrenb.) Cohn 



Ophidomonas sanguinea Ehrenberg : I.e. 



Spr. sanguineum Cohn: Beitrage Biol., I, 1875, Heft 3, 169. 



Morphology. Bacilli 3.0 : 10-30 fi. The spirals have an amplitude of 9-12 /*, 

 and a length of 6-10 ft. Color pale red. Sulphur granules in the 

 plasma. 



Habitat. Found in brackish water containing putrefying marine algae. 



13. Spirillum rufum Perty 



Zur Kenntniss Kleinsten Lebensformen, Berne, 1852. 



Morphology. Bacilli as filaments 8-16 ft long and 1-1.2 ft thick, contents 

 slightly reddish. 1-4 spiral turns, not broken up into segments. At both 

 poles bundles of 6-18 flagella. Spores absent. 



Habitat. From well water, forming on sides of well red mucus-like spots. 



SPIROCH^ETA Ehrenberg 



Long, slender, closely coiled filaments ; cells flexile. Show undulatory or 

 snake-like movements which are not progressive, or a turning upon the 

 longer axis. Flagella not known, endospores apparently absent. 



I. PATHOGENIC SPECIES. 

 1. Spirochaeta Obermeieri Cohn 



Beitrage Biol., I, 1875, Heft 3. 



Morphology. Bacilli very slender flexile spiral or wavy filaments with pointed 

 ends, 0.1 : 16-40 ft. Stain easily with analine colors. Not stained by 

 Gram's method. Has never been cultivated in artificial media. 



Pathogenesis. Inoculations into apes positive, into mice, rabbits, sheep, and 

 swine negative. 



Habitat. Found in the spleen and in the blood in relapsing fever. 



2. Spirochaeta febris 

 t 



Ueber einen aus dent KBrper einer Rekurrenskranken erhaltenen Bacillus 

 Afanassieff : Centralblatt f. Bakteriol., XXV, 1899, 405. 



Morphology. From preparations of the first day of the disease, bacilli small, 

 0.3:1-1.5 ft, with rounded ends; occur singly, in clumps and chains. 

 In preparations on the following day bacilli 5-6 or 10-14 f- long, as commas 

 or S forms. In overstained preparations an uncolored capsule is demon- 

 strated. Cultures made from the blood. 



