31 WAYSIDE AND WOODLAND BLOSSOMS. 



dish, woody below. Leaves narrow, concave, very thick, arranged in whorls, 

 Points of involucral glands short. Sandy shores, July to October. 



IX. Leafy-branched Spurge (E. estila). Perennial. Rootstock creeping. Stem 

 slender. Leaves thin, narrow, sometimes toothed. Involucres small, on long stalks, 

 glands lunate, with short straight horns. Woods and fields ; Jersey, Forfar, Edin- 

 burgh, and Alnwick. July. 



X. Cypress Spurge (E, cyparissias). Perennial. Rootstock creeping. Leaves 

 very narrow, not toothed. Woods, England, June and July. 



XI. Caper Spurge (E. lathyris). Biennial. Stem short and stout, 3 to 4 feet 

 second year. Leaves narrow, broader at base, opposite, alternate pairs placed at 

 right angles to each other (decussate). Copses and woods, June and July. Fruit 

 used as a condiment. 



XII. Purple Spurge (E. peplis). Annual. Stems prostrate, purple, glaucous. 

 Leaves oblong, heart-shaped, thick, on short stalks, with stipules, opposite. Glands 

 oblong. Very rare. On sandy coasts, South Wales, Cornwall to Hants, and Water 

 ford. July to September. 



All the species have milky sap. Poisonous. 



Dewberry (Rubus casius). Plate 30. 



A sub-species of the Blackberry ; too well known to require 

 description. 



Honeysuckle (Lonicera periclymenMii}. 



The Woodbine or Common Honeysuckle is one of the most 

 familiar of our wild flowers, and as great a favourite as any. 

 It owes its popularity not only to the beauty of its flowers, but 

 also to its strong sweet odour, and in some measure to its 

 graceful twining habit. The tough stem grows to a great 

 length ten to twenty feet in some cases and always twines 

 from left to right. The egg-shaped leaves are attached in 

 pairs, the lower ones by short stalks, but the upper ones are 

 stalkless (sessile}. The flowers are clustered, the calyces closely 

 crowded, five-toothed. The corolla-tube may be from one to 

 two inches long, the free end (limb] divided into five lobes, 

 which split irregularly into two opposite lips. It is rich in 

 honey, the corolla being often half filled with it, and con- 

 sequently it is a great favourite with bees and moths, who are 



