Digestive System Special. 93 



the Higlier Catarrhine Apes, e.g. Simla (Orang), and Hylobates 

 (Gibbon); 

 and in Fhascolomys (Wombat) of the Marsupials. 



is double in 



the Uyracoidea, where there is, first, a sacculated Caecum, whose 

 length, from the orifice of the Ileum, is three inches, and circumfer- 

 ence eight inches : and, secondly, two conical Caeca, proceeding 

 from the dilated part of the Colon ; each of these lower Caeca being 

 an inch and a half in diameter at its base, and gradually contracting 

 till it terminates in a glandular vermiform appendage, about half 

 an inch long ; 



and in the little Two-toed Ant Eater, and Six-handed Armadillo. 

 Tn the last named, the large Intestine expands into a pair of short wide 

 pouches, one on each side the insertion of the Ileum ; the terminal 

 orifice of the Ileum being a slit with tumid margins on the middle 

 of the ridge, between the two Cseca. 



1 7. The Large Intestine. 



Rodentia. In Arvicola (Water Yole) the Colon begins by a pair 

 of large sacculi, but quickly contracts to the same calibre as the 

 Ileum. 



Artiodactyla. The Colon, in part of its course, is disposed in five 

 spiral coils, like a screw, coming nearer the centre : these spiral 

 turns form one of the characteristics of the Order. 



In-Enamellata. In Bradypus (Sloth) the Colon is short and 

 straight (Avian point). 



Marsupialia. In Koala the inner surface of the large Intestines 

 is extended by longitudinal valvula) conniventes. In the Kangaroo 

 the lining membrane is disposed in a very fine network. 



Monotremata. Ornithorhyncus has no valvula coli ; the first half 

 of the Colon has longitudinal folds, the remainder a smooth inner 

 surface. 



18. Termination of Intestine. 



In-EnameTlata. In the Bradypodidae (Sloth) the anus in the female 

 is not distinct from the generative outlet. 



Marsupialia. In all Marsupialia two sebaceous follicles open into 

 the termination of the rectum. The anus has its proper sphincter, 

 but it. is also surrounded, in common with the genital outlet, by a 

 larger one. When the Penis is retracted, the faecal, urinary and 



