Respiratory System Special. 113 



of the Epiglottis. Only the anterior half, therefore, of the ' rima 

 glottidis ' is bounded by vibratile vocalising material. 



In most Insectivora and Cheiroptera, and some Artiodactyla [e.g. 

 Hog), the Arytenoids are united at their apices by the conjunction 

 of the Santorinian cartilages. 



For Arytenoids (1) sheathed with, or (2) attached to Epiglottis, 

 cf. supra^ 3. Cete, and Marsupialia. 



5. Interarticular Cartilage. 



In most Cheiroptera and Insectivora {e.g. Hedgehog) there is a tri- 

 angular cartilage between the bases of the Arytenoids and the 

 Cricoid called by Brandt * Interarticular.' 



6. ChordcB Vocales, and Ventricles. 



Quadrumana. No tail-less Ape has a hyoid sac : but in the Orangs 

 the sacculi continued from the interchordal ventricles pass out 

 between the Thyroid and Hyoid, and in the adult males extend over 

 the fore part of the neck and upper part of the chest, being subdi- 

 vided into several pouches. 



Mycetes appears to have four sets of sacs : () from tlie fore part of the inter- 

 chordal space, a pair of sacculi are developed which occupy the thyroid bulla ; 

 {b) from the upper part of the thyroid-sacculi are continued a pair of 'pyramidal 

 oval' sacculi, which occupy the sides of the interspace between the epiglottis and 

 the hyoid ; {c) from the fore part of the thyroid sac is continued the neck of the 

 large ' infundibular sac,' which expands^to occupy and line the biilla of the basi- 

 hyal ; lastly, [d) between the glottis and arytenoids are the orifices of a pair 

 of pouches, continued rather from the pharyngeal than the laryngeal membrane, 

 which extend forward and upward on each side of the epiglottis. 



Rodentia. In the Porcupines both the Yocal Chords and the 

 Yentricles are wanting. 



Sectorialia. In the Badger the laryngeal sacs are deep and bifid : 

 one portion extending to the root of the tongue, the other to between 

 the Thyroid and Cricoid cartilages. In the Eelidse the upper Yocal 

 Chords are unusually prominent, and by their vibration cause the 

 purring sound. 



Proloscidia, most Perissodactyla, and many Artiodactyla [e.g. 

 Camelidse, A Ices, &c.) have the upper Chords barely definable. 



Cete have no Yocal Chords ; but at the base of the Epiglottis are 

 two lateral glandular fossae representing the 'Yentricles.' 



In-Enamellata. In both Dasypodida3 and Bradypodidas the superior 

 Yocal Chord is absent, and the Yentricles are obsolete or shallow. 



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