Illustrations of Conifers. 47 



PICEA RUBRA (Link}. RED SPRUCE. 



Veitch's Man. Conif. ed. 2, p. 450 (1900). 



A TREE attaining in its native localities a height of 70 to 80 feet with 

 a girth of 6 to 9 feet. 



Bark of trunk red-brown and scaly. Branches slender, spreading, 

 often clothing the trunk to the ground, forming a tree of conical habit. 

 Branchlets reddish-brown, with dense glandular pubescence. Buds 

 ovoid-conic, with long, subulate points to the outer scales. Leaves 

 crowded on the branchlets, more or less curved, quadrangular in 

 section, with white lines of stomata on the four surfaces, - f inch 

 long. 



Cones ovoid - cylindric, red-brown, tinged with purple, about 1 

 inches long and | inch broad. Scales broadly obovate-cuneate with 

 entire margins, slightly striate externally. Seed with a wing about three 

 times its length. 



Picea rubrn is very closely allied to P. nigra, of which Michaux 

 considered it a variety, and cannot be satisfactorily distinguished from 

 that species in the absence of cones. It is a native of Nova Scotia, 

 Prince Edward Island, and the valley of the Saint Lawrence and of 

 the north-eastern United States, where it constitutes a most valuable 

 timber tree. 



The specimen of Red Spruce planted at Bayfordbury in 1847 is 

 now dead. A young tree was added in 1907. The cones photographed 

 were produced by a tree on Lord Walsingham's estate at Merton. 



