ENDOCARPEiE. 17 



Mr. Borrer remarks {in lit. 1850), " I am inclined to 

 join with E. smarafjdidum, IS. sinoj/icum, Ach., U. rufo- 

 virescens, Tayl., and Sagedia rufescens, Ach., {Lecidea, 

 E. B. Suppl.) and Lecidea prwi//7ia, Ach., figured with 

 Lichen sinijdew, Dav. in E. Bot., according to an original 

 specimen from Mr. Ilarriman." 



Fries (Lich. Europ. 412) considers E, sinopicum to be 

 a state of Parmelia badia, and E. smaragdulmn of Far- 

 tnelia cervina. This I have not been able to test, from a 

 want of authentic specimens of those species oiFarmelia, 



In all the above the fructification was similar. The 

 apothecia were roundish, or flattened and long, narrow 

 and depressed, or disciform, in different specimens, ac- 

 cording to age. There was no appearance of a pore, but 

 a layer of round granules on the top of the paraphyses 

 and asci. A section showed an immense number of 

 paraphyses, with a few oblongo-obovate asci, filled with 

 granular matter, (y.) This, when discharged, exhibited, 

 under a very high magnifying power, an innumerable 

 multitude of very minute oblong granules, of a pale 

 yellow colour, having the opposite ends darker, and the 

 central portion light and transparent; thus, apparently, 

 at first sight, with two septa, forming a three-celled 

 sporidium. This, however, was only illusory, the spori- 

 dium being in reality without any septum, and single- 

 celled, the three-celled appearance arising from the spo- 

 ridia, in their motion, coming more or less into focus, or 

 perhaps from some peculiar stage of their incipient ger- 

 mination. They were endued with a very peculiar, quick, 

 wriggling, spontaneous motion, as in a dance setting and 

 retiring one from the other, in quick succession. This 

 motion was observed to continue, under the microscope, 

 for several hours, but might be instantly arrested by 

 laudanum. From the nature of the motion, I think it 

 was most probably caused by ciha, though I could not 

 detect their existence, precisely similar to the spores of 

 the fresh-water algae, as observed by Mr. Hassall. (See 

 liassall, * British Fresh- water Algae,' vol. i, p. 13, and 

 plates I. and 11.) 



