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believe she knew it ; she was no longer afrud of them ; and when one cow attacked her she 

 gave it a bunt that knocked the scab off the horn ; one of the principal benefits of dehorning is 

 noticed at the watering trough, formerly one or two would keep the others away, now they 

 all crowd around and drink together like a lot of sheep ; I do not consider the operation to be 

 a severe one ; I am satisfied there is more pain in taking off the tips of the horns of a two-year- 

 old to reach the quick ; I do not think the discharge from the head would affect the milk ; it 

 was not like corrupt matter, and there was no odor such as would come from an old sore ; I am 

 building a new stable and intend in future to keep no animals with horns ; I would not like 

 to see the operation badly performed ; it should be done with proper tools by someone who 

 understands the business ; 1 believe that more pain is inflicted by animals with their horns, 

 than is inflicted in dehorning, 



Francis Leeson, farmer, township of Malahide, Elgin county, sworn, said: I am 

 engaged in dairying and keep fifteen cows : I dehorned my cattle ; previous to last winter I was 

 very much prejudiced against the practice, but I have become a thorough convert to it ; I am 

 satisfied from talks with shippers and with farmers around Brownsv'lle, that it is the right 

 thing to do ; I dehorned some two weeks ago, and they are commencing to heal now ; one of 

 the animals - a bull — bled a good deal at the time, and there was a discharge from the cavity, 

 but it is healing nicely now ; 1 am impressed with the desirability of having quiet in the herd ; 

 I have known animals to become loose in the stanchions and gore each other ; in the yard one 

 of the cows was knocked down by the others ; she commenced to bellow, and all the others got 

 at her and I am satisfied she w uld have been gored to death if my son had not come along and 

 looked after her ; my experience coincides with Mr. Freeman's as to the conduct of the animals 

 at the water trough. If the application of caustic to the budding horns in calves were successful, 

 I would prefer that way. I do not think there is much suffering in dehorning ; I believe it is a 

 justifiable operation both from the standpoint of the owner and of the animal itself. 



John Fulton, farmer, township of Dereham, Oxford county, sworn, said : 1 am engaged 

 in dairying and have had large experience with cattle ; I keep fifteen cows at present ; 1 only 

 dehorned one — three years ago — because of its vicious disposition ; I do not want to dehorn my 

 cattle unless compelled to ; I have raised all the cattle I have on the farm, and have a regard 

 for them, and would not take their horns off if I could help it ; I used dehorning fluid on some 

 of the calves ; some were a good job ; on one or two there were stubs, and on one of the animals 

 one horn was left ; I would recommend that the operation be performed on calves by means of 

 caustic ; the best time to apply it is in the first week ; there does not seem to be any suffering, 

 more than an itching of the part ; I tried caustic on eleven cabes ; some of them are now two- 

 year-olds ; I do not want horns, but some of my cows have been with me for ten or fourteen 

 years, and I will let them keep their horns for the rest of their time ; the damage done by 

 animals to each other justifies, I think, the removal of the horns ; cows are no respecters of 

 persons. I have known a cow tojviciously attack its own mother ; they seem to be most vicious 

 when turned out to grass in the spring. 



John Harris Reed, farmer, township of Dereham, Oxford county, sworn, said : I have 

 been engaged in farming for forty years past, and keep forty-five to fifty head of cattle ; I have 

 seen a good deal of injury done by horns ; I found one of my cows dead once, and I believe she 

 was hurt by the others ; another animal— a thoroughbred Ayrshire — was ruined for milking 

 through being gored ; I tried the liquid preparation on calves at three days old, but 

 this was only a few days ago, and I could not speak as to the success of the experiment ; 

 T do not like to dehorn my cows because I am attached to them ; I would rather try to raise 

 muleys ; I recognize the danger from horns in the stable and yard and from the herdsman's 

 carelessness in leaving animals loose ; if there was not much pain I would consider dehorning 

 justifiable. 



Andrew L. Scott, farmer, township of Middleton, manager of the Bay ham cheese 

 factory, sworn, said : I am in favor of dehorning, and have had the horns taken off twenty- 

 eight head. This is a dairying district ; the Bayham factory has 100 patrons and receives the 

 milk of probably 600 cows ; it turned out 127 tons of cheese last year ; farmers in the neighbor- 

 hood largely depend upon dairying, and this question is one of great importance to them ; my 

 cows were dehorned on I >ecember 30th last ; I agree with previous witnesses as to losses and 

 inju>ies from hooking; disturbances and excitement in the herd prevent animals from giving 

 their full yield of milk ; 1 have noticed that when the cows are brought in by a dog and a boy 

 they do not give as much milk as when I go after them myself ; taking off the horns produces 

 a change in the disposition of the animals, making them more peaceable in every way ; the 

 constant hooking and chasing each other is done away with , and they flock together like sheep. 



