goo UNIVERSAL ERUDITION. 



XVIII. With regard to maps, which form 

 what may be called plans of the earth's furface, 

 they reprefent i. either the two hemifpheres 

 of the globe ; or 2. the four parts of the 

 world; or 3. particular diftridts ; or 4. en- 

 tire countries 3 or 5. provinces ; or 6. cities and 

 their environs. Charts, on the other hand, re- 

 prefent the different fcas, coaiis, fand-banks, 

 rocks, &c. They alfo mark the different depths 

 of the feveral foundings, the currents, whirl- 

 pools, trade and variable winds in each region ; 

 the degrees of latitude and longitude, &c. A 

 complete collection of thefe land and fea charts 

 or maps is called an Atlas. The inventor of 

 maps is no better known than that of globes. Eu- 

 flathius relates, that Sefoftris caufed a map to 

 be made of all the countries he traverfed; which 

 muft certainly be the moft ancient. They were 

 alfo in ufe among the Greeks and Romans, and 

 other ancient nations. Agathodasmon drew the 

 maps for the geography of Ptolemy, which have 

 come down to us ; as well as the famous table of 

 Peutinger that was difcovered by Conrad Celtis, 

 purchaied by Conrad Peutinger, a nobleman 

 of Augfburg, explained by Beatus Rhenanus, 

 and publifhed by Mark Velferus. After the 

 re-eftablimment of letters in the fixteenth cen- 

 tury, they began again to make maps. Thofe, 

 \vhich were found in the manufcript of Pto- 

 lomy's geography, were the originals of all 

 that have appeared fince. Sebaftian Munfter 

 made them the models of thofe fee defigned : 



others 



