HISTORY of the SCIENCES. 421 



totle, Demofthenes, Pericles, Apelles, Phidias, 

 and Praxiteles*. 



The third age was that of Cxfar and Ai> 

 guitus, whofe memory is rendered immortal by 

 Lucretius, Horace, Virgil, Ovid, Cicero, Livy, 

 Caefar, Varro, Vitruvius, &c. 



The fourth age was that of Charlemagne. 

 This monarch, who re-eftabli(hed the empire of 

 the eaft, was at once the reftorer and father of 

 letters : he was himfelf as learned as a man 

 could be at that time , he compofed feveral 

 books, and among others a grammar of his own 

 language , he endeavoured to enlighten, not 

 only his natural fubjects, but thofe nations alfo 

 whom he conquered , he made aftronomical 

 obfervations, and eftablifhcJ ichools in all his 

 dominions ; he enticed learned men into France, 

 and, among others, Alcuinus from England ; he 

 reduced the laws and cuftoms of thofe countries 

 that were fubjefl to his empire into writing : du- 

 ring his repafts he cauled the hiftories of the 

 kings his predecefTors, or fome of the works of 

 St. Auguftine, to be read to him i he drew up 

 the capitularies and ordinances for the church 

 with his own hands -, he collected all the ancient 

 verfes that related to the renowned adions of the 

 Germans and French, to ferve him as memoirs 

 for their hiflory, which he intended to write i 



* Sec the introduflion to M. Voltaire's Age of Lewi* XIV. 



he 



