1913-14 DEPAKTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS AND MINES. 



103 



The Birches are also able to reproduce from the stump or roots. This sprout 

 growth of teu followrf light tires and cutting operations. The ability of Birch, Pop- 

 lar and many of the hardwoods to reproduce by this method explains why many cut 

 or burned over areas reproduce with Birch, Poplar and other hardwoods. 



The Pines can reproduce only hy the seed method and are therefore handicapped 

 at first in the struggle to take possession of cut over areas. The Pine has, however, 

 the advantage of being able to start under the shade of the Birches and Poplars; to 

 gradually struggle through, and, owing to the short life of the Birches and Poplars, 

 to eventually overcome them. 



There are few of our White and Red Pine areas which would not become re- 

 stocked if it were possible to prevent fires from sweeping over them. Many of the 

 regions which were cut over in the earlier days of lumbering have produced splendid 

 second growth White and Red Pines. In these earlier operations only the choice 



Fig. XIII. Showing one, two, three and four-year-old White Pine plants. Three and 

 four-year-old plants are transplants. 



trees were taken and a large percentage of seed trees were left. These areas testify to 

 the ability of the Pines to hold their own in the struggle, if given a reasonable chance. 

 1 wish t^ point out, however, that with the present methods of cutting, where 

 [everything in the shape of pine is taken out, it is not likely that we will obtain 

 satisfactory new growth. Natural reforestation cannot bring back Pine upon regions 

 in which no seed trees have heen left. If Pine is desired upon these areas we shall 

 eventually have to depend upon artificial methods or forest planting. 



Respectfully submitted, 

 Minister of Lands, Forests and Mines. E. J. ZavItz, 



Ontario. Forester. 



