1915-16 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS AND MINES. 91 



experienced, men were frequently leaving the party and others had to be secured. 

 In the latter part of the season $3.50 a day and board was asked by axe men and 

 packers and $3.00 paid, with bonuses. 



This township was laid out with a double front on each concession road 

 allowance as run on the ground. The centre lines of concession and side roads 

 were well opened up and blazed. Particular care was taken in the planting of 

 durable and substantial posts, all plainly marked, in accordance with the instruc- 

 tions. For this purpose spruce, cedar or tamarac was used. Iron posts w£re 

 planted alongside the wooden posts at the points indicated on the projected plan 

 sent me with my instructions. The wooden posts were planted on the lines of 

 survey and on the limits of the road allowances. Bearing trees were taken to these 

 latter posts. In only one case did the front angles of lots come in a river, namely, 

 those between lots 2 and 3, in concessions 4 and 5. In this case the lines were 

 projected north and south and the posts planted one chain from the water's edge, 

 guide posts being planted near the shore. 



Although this work was performed late in the season the posts were firmly 

 planted as there was no frost in the ground except a little at some few high spots. 

 In fact rain or sleet fell every day but two during the course of the survey. This 

 made the country extremely wet and the packing and locating of suitable camp 

 sites extremely diflficult. Certain check chainages which were required were left 

 to be obtained after the freeze up, but the latter part of December, beneath two and 

 a half feet of snow, the ground was still soft and wet making the work extremely 

 arduous. 



The National Transcontinental Eailway crosses part of this township in a 

 north-westerly direction. Along this railway I laid out a road allowance one chain 

 in perpendicular width on either side of the same. In planting posts along this 

 right-of-way I adhered to the instructions, as shown on the field notes. Before 

 marking these lots adjoining the railway I wrote to the Department for full in- 

 formation as to the same. 



I showed a road allowance of one chain in perpendicular width along each 

 bank of the Kapuskasing river, and a similar road allowance around the lakes met 

 with in the survey, except in the case of one small lake which was not cut by the 

 road allowance. The only other river encountered in this survey was what is 

 known as the Lost river. This river is less than a chain in width for the greater 

 part of its length, is overgrown with alders and willows, rendering it hardly more 

 than a creek; for the greater part of its course in the township it was found im- 

 possible to use a canoe on it ; this was not traversed. 



I made no traverse of the Kapuskasing river, having been instructed to that 

 effect, but careful ties were made to the bearing trees noted at the time of the river 

 traverse by Messrs. Sutcliffe & Neelands. 



In my instructions I was told to take observations for azimuth at least once 

 a week to verify the direction- of my lines. However, owing to the almost con- 

 tinuous rain before referred to, it was found to be impossible to obtain more than 

 two observations throughout the entire course of the work, these being the only 

 occasions when the sky was sufficiently clear to allow of this being done, although 

 an extra instrument was kept in camp for the purpose. Practically half the town- 

 ship was completed before the first observation was obtained. My concession 

 lines were run off the east limit of the township, the latter line having been run 

 some years before. Great care was taken in starting these lines, trial lines being 

 run for some distance along the east boundary when satisfactory pickets could not 



8 L.M. 



