52 REPORT OF THE No. 3 



of clay is much higher. There is a large marsh lying at the end of a bay running 

 to the southeast, just above South Boundary Falls, and there is a fairly extensive 

 area of low ground in this neighbourhood. 



"Water power reserves were posted at both North and South Boundary 

 Falls, but the lines were not run out on the ground. These reserves were laid 

 out so that the water power here might be protected provided at any time in 

 the future it might be considered advisable to place dams here which would 

 flood out some of the falls higher up on the English and Winnipeg Rivers. There 

 would be no difficulty in constructing dams here high enough to raise the water 

 in English River as far as the foot of Kettle Falls. This would give a head of 

 seventeen feet, and this with the combined flow of both the English and Winnipeg 

 Rivers would make a very attractive power possibility of probably 30,000 

 horsepower. This, however, would involve the construction of three dams, 

 and would also mean reducing the available head at White Dog Falls on the 

 Winnipeg River by about thirteen feet, which is a very important consideration. 



"Below Boundary Falls the river unites again and the main stream crosses 

 the Ontario-Manitoba boundary about two and a half miles northwest of North 

 Boundary Falls. A large bay crosses into Manitoba a little over a mile south 

 of where the boundary crosses the river proper. This bay runs for a considerable 

 distance into Manitoba and there appears to be much low ground to the west 

 and southwest. 



"In my instructions,. I was requested to examine the shores of Winnipeg 

 River to see if there is a possibility of a water power concentration below the 

 confluence of the English and Winnipeg Rivers which may serve to combine 

 White Dog Falls on the Winnipeg River with the falls on the English River. 

 Such a concentration would necessitate raising the water of Winnipeg River 

 above Boundary Falls about forty-five feet, and the nature of the ground at 

 Boundary Falls and for some distance upstream is of such a nature that this 

 project is not feasible. 



"While examining the area of clay land in the neighbourhood of the Inter- 

 provincial boundary, the lines and monuments were found of a township sur- 

 veyed some years ago under the Dominion Lands System. This survey was 

 evidently inadvertently carried over the boundary which had not at that time 

 been produced that far. 



"In the neighbourhood of the Interprovincial boundary the poplar trees 

 were stripped bare of leaves by countless millions of caterpillars. These did 

 not appear to have extended more than three or four miles into Ontario. 



"After completing the traverse of English and Winnipeg Rivers, the survey 

 was carried up Cygnet River, through Cygnet Lake and then up the river to 

 the north boundary of the township of Malachi. 



"Cygnet Lake is six miles long and has high rocky shores with some small 

 areas of clay in places. The timber generally speaking is second growth about 

 thirty to thirty-five years old, poplar predominating with spruce, jack pine 

 and other characteristic throughout. There are twelve islands in Cygnet Lake 

 and these were numbered from one to twelve and each island marked as previously 

 described. The largest island has an area of 212 acres. 



"Above Cygnet Lake the river is very sluggish and flows through a broad 

 valley where there are considerable areas of muskeg, but where high rocky 

 hills in some cases come close to the water's edge. A short distance below the 

 Canadian National Railway there is a drop of 20.2 feet and at the railway there 

 is another drop of 9.8 feet. These two can be combined at the lower falls so 

 as to give a drop here of 30 feet. A water power reserve was laid out as a small 



