1927 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND FORESTS 173 



Investigation: Growth studies of the various plantations were continued. 

 Both height and D.B.H. measurements of sample plots were recorded, while 

 two special experiments were established in an endeavour to arrive at the effect 

 of thinnings upon the annual increment, with specific reference to white and 

 red pine plantations. 



Protection {Disease and Insects): Ninety per cent, of the total loss which 

 occurs during the development of nursery stock to that size and age requisite 

 for permanent planting is met with in the infant seedling stage. For the past 

 four years investigations have been carried on in connection with seedling 

 development with a view of arriving at the cause of this mortality and some 

 way of combating it. Two men were employed solely on this work in 1926, 

 and the results of their observations coupled with those of previous years, form 

 a basis of control which seems to be working out most favourably. Although 

 seed bed losses still exist, they are greatly minimized. 



Losses of seedling and transplant stock accruing from cut worms, were 

 rather more severe in 1926 than obtained in other years. There does not appear 

 to be any means of control of this pest other than deep cultivation, and the 

 adoption of a system of crop rotation. Heavy manuring first prior to seedling 

 production appears to aggravate matters and create a soil condition in which 

 the insects are most active. 



Weevil injury continues to grow less, while no evidence of the White Pine 

 Blister Rust was found. Preventive measures are, however, being consistently 

 carried on, since it is felt that it is imperative that disease and insect factors 

 be eliminated at least in the immediate vicinity of the nursery's productive area. 



NURSERY 3T0CK FOR 1927 DISTRIBUTION 



Conifers: Number 



White Pine 690,000 



Red Pine 1,460,000 



Scotch Pine 900,000 



Jack Pine 510,000 



White Spruce 190,000 



Norway Spruce 300,000 



White Cedar 410,000 



European Larch 47,000 



Balsam 40,000 



Totals 4,547,000 



Hardwoods: Number 



White Ash 68,000 



White Birch 5,500 



Yellow Birch 6,500 



Beech 2,100 



Sweet Chestnut 10,000 



American Elm 1 1 7,000 



Honey Locust 3,900 



Manitoba Maple 3,500 



Soft Maple 82,000 



Hard Maple 9,000 



Red Oak 38,000 



Rooted Poplar 300 



Poplar Cuttings 300,000 



White Walnut 1,200 



Black Walnut 50,000 



Rooted Willow 500 



Willow Cuttings 5,000 



Totals 702,500 



