140 REPORT OF THE No. 7 



throughout. In all, 25,000 trees and rooted poplar were planted, in addition to 

 10,000 poplar cuttings, as follows: 



Jack Pine 10,000 



Scotch Pine 5,000 ^ 



Red Pine 5,000 



Carolina Poplar (cuttings) 10,000 



Carolina Poplar (rooted) 5,000 



(4) Protection 

 Animal. 



Mice, squirrels and hares have proven very destructive during the past 

 season. Mice and hares by girdling trees in the plantations and squirrels by 

 digging up and carrying off walnuts and butternuts which had been dibbled-in. 

 Shooting is apparently the only protection from squirrels and hares and cutting 

 the grass in the young plantations which have not a closed crown cover, with 

 scythes, is proving effective with mice. 



Perhaps the worst nuisance with which we have to contend is crows. These 

 pests seek out the areas where nuts are planted, especially butternuts, and as 

 the cotyledons raise the soil in the spring as they begin to sprout, the crows dig 

 down to the nut and devour the kernel. They even do the same with the white 

 ash and hard maple when these first appear. Shooting is the only remedy. 



Insects. 



The while pine weevil was observed in our plantations for the first time this 

 summer. A few jack pines were attacked both on the nursery and in the Clarke 

 Township Demonstration Plot. The leaders of infested trees were cut and 

 burned. 



June bug larvae caused considerable damage to plantations on the Durham 

 Forest. These grubs worked in the grass roots, killing both the grass and the 

 small, planted trees with which they came in contact. In numerous places, 

 areas of several square yards could be stripped bare of sod with the foot. 



Diseases. 



White Pine Blister Rust. — ^An area of white pine plantation, some fifteen 

 years old, situated one-half mile west of the nursery, was found to be infected 

 with White Pine Blister Rust. Three men, under supervision, cut out and 

 destroyed the diseased trees. 



The Squair Plantation in Darlington Township, some three miles west of 

 the nursery, was opened up and all infected trees marked for removal this 

 winter. 



Scotch Pine Gall. — An infection of Scotch Pine Gall was discovered on the 

 plantation of Professor C. B. Sissons by Mr. MacCallum, Forest Pathologist of 

 the Federal Department of Agriculture. This plantation, which immediately 

 adjoins the nursery at the south-east corner is fifteen years of age. All trees 

 badly infected were cut out and destroyed, while, where the infection was very 

 light, the branches containing galls were removed and the trees left for observa- 

 tion. 



