114 THE DISEASES AND DISORDERS OF THE OX. 



large near the udder, they allow the milk to flow down too freely 

 from the bag, and then that fluid is lodged in them. Sometimes 

 they may be too broad at the end ; and, indeed, the orifice may 

 be so large that the cow cannot retain her milk when the bag 

 begins to be full. Moreover, the hinder part of the udder ought 

 to be of a size nearly equal to the front portion of it. Perhaps 

 the udder should be a little broader and fuller in front than it 

 is behind. 



The following well-known doggerel lines describe the points 

 of a good cow. 



She 's long in her face, she 's fine in her horn, 

 She '11 quickly get fat without cake or corn ; 

 She 's clean in her jaws, and full in her chine, 

 She 's heavy in flank, and wide in her loin. 



She 's hroad in her ribs, and long in her rump, 

 A straight and flat back, without ever a hump ; 

 She 's wide in her hips, and calm in her eyes. 

 She 's fine in her shoulders, and thin in her thighs. 



She 's light in her neck, and small in her tail, 

 She 's wide in her breast, and good at the pail ; 

 She 's fine in her bone, and silky of skin — 

 She 's a grazier's without, and a butcher's within. 



Some of these shorthorn cows give in the beginning of 

 summer as much as thirty quarts per day, and sometimes, though 

 rarely, they have been known to yield as much as thirty-six 

 quarts. The average amount may be estimated at about twenty- 

 three quarts. It seems that the shorthorn cows are not so very 

 good in regard to butter, and also that they improve in that 

 respect as they grow older. 



FOEEIGN BEEEDS OF CATTLE. 

 Alderney Cattle. — There are two kinds of so-called Aldemey 

 cattle, namely, those which come from Normandy, are larger, 

 and have a superior tendency to fatten, and secondly, those 

 which are imported from the islands on the French coast. 

 Whether from the continent or from the islands, they all, when 

 in England, pass under the name of Alderneys. These crumpled- 

 horn, or Alderney, cattle are met with on the southern coast, and, 

 in smaller numbers, in gentlemen's parks and pleasure-grounds 

 in all parts. They are similar to the cattle of Ayrshire in certain 

 points ; their milk is comparatively small in quantity, but noted 



