DISEASES OE THE OX AND SHEEP. 219 



If the chest-walls are subjected to careful and skilful 

 percussion, dull sounds are produced in some parts, while other 

 regions will give the same resonance as that which is produced 

 in the case of a healthy animal. Similarly, if the ear is placed 

 in direct contact with the chest, the observer will note that the 

 "respiratory murmur," which he is probably acquainted with as 

 occurring in a healthy animal, is louder than usual in some parts, 

 and dull or absent in others. This is because the healthy por- 

 tions of the lungs are, so to speak, trying to do the whole work 

 of respiration, which in the normal state the healthy lungs were 

 accustomed to do. In addition to this, there may be heard 

 hissing and bubbling sounds. 



In some cases the cough may be feeble and dry, and then 

 crackling sounds, together with a harsh laryngeal blowing, may 

 be detected. The heart beats strongly, but the pulse is never- 

 theless small and thready. The parotid glands, which are 

 situated below and beneath the ears, and have, in common with 

 other salivary glands, the function of secreting some of the 

 salivary secretion, are more swollen than before. The super- 

 ficial lymphatic glands are also still more markedly enlarged, and 

 they, perhaps, together with other hardened painful swellings, 

 cause lameness, which is no longer flitting in character, but 

 constant. The ox may suffer from intense fever, sweat pro- 

 fusely, and breathe with the most extreme difficulty. 



Third Stage. — All the above symptoms are immensely exagge- 

 rated. The emaciation is excessive, and there is great debility 

 accompanied by intense fever, which lasts during the whole day 

 witli but a few hours' remission. The cough is distressing, the 

 back is arched, the head is low and protruded, the mouth partially 

 open, and the tongue pendulous. The horns, ears, and limbs, 

 are cold. Breathing is accompanied by moaning, and the 

 inspirations are irregular and gasping. The animal suffers from 

 a dark and fetid diarrhoea, and the rumen is considerably blown 

 up with the gases which are disengaged, as the result of the 

 arrest of digestion. The distended rumen can be felt in the left 

 flank, and it adds to the poor animal's distress. Percussion on 

 the chest gives rise to pain, and, if the observer places his ear 

 in contact with the chest-walls, hissing and cavernous sounds are 

 heard in the lungs, and there are gurgling sounds in the larynx. 

 The lining membranes of the mouth and other orifices are very 



