I 



DISEASES OF THE OX AND SHEEP. 327 



consequently diflBculty in swallowing is apparent; the animal 

 has paroxysms of coughing ; there is a discharge of mucus 

 from the nostrils, and a flow of saliva from the mouth; the 

 breathing is accelerated, during inspiration a crowing sound is 

 produced ; there may be spasms of the larynx, especially if the 

 animal is excited, and, finally, great debility supervenes. The 

 pulse becomes weaker and weaker as the disease progresses, and 

 the coughing assumes a more violent character. At about the 

 third day after the commencement of the malady, lymph-casts 

 of portions of the air-tubes, or, at any rate, flakes of lymph, are 

 thrown up. 



If death closes the scene, and an examination be made (great 

 care being taken to avoid inoculation), the air tubes and the 

 tonsils may be seen to be lined on their inner surface with a 

 greyish membrane, which, in case the animal has died at an 

 early stage of the disease, is firmly attached to the tissues below, 

 while if the case is one of some standing, this membrane is 

 observed to have been loosened owing to the process of effusion 

 or suppuration which has gone on beneath it. More than all 

 this, the alimentary canal, the eyes, the tissues under the skin, 

 the digits, the pasterns, and the hoofs, the membranes lining the 

 interior of the genito-urinary passages, may all respectively, or, 

 indeed, more or less collectively, be invaded with deposits of the 

 characteristic exudation. According to Dr. Fleming, even the 

 horns may be shed. 



Various writers have described a disease which is no doubt 

 the same. For instance, in The Veterinarian of December, 

 1880, there is a translation of a paper written by M. Lenglen, of 

 Arras, who therein describes a disease in which the lining mem- 

 brane of the mouth sloughs away in patches of great size near 

 the molar teeth or on the tongue, there being also a tendency to 

 the formation of an abscess in the cheek or lips. The animal, 

 generally a young calf, but one which may be several months 

 old, suffers also from a fetid diarrhoea, which often brings on a 

 fatal issue. 



Another observer, Dammann by name, finds that this disorder 

 is general as well as local, that it affects the air-passages as well 

 as the mouth, also the intestines, lungs, and the clefts between 

 the digits. The symptoms are fever, prostration, salivation, 

 swelling of the cheeks, stifi'ness, sore throat; and there are 



