846 THE DISEASES AND DISOEDERS OF THE OX. 



suitable antiseptic application to be applied to the parts. An 

 ointment may be made of extract of belladonna, one part; 

 boric acid, two parts ; carbolic acid, half-part ; benzoated lard, 

 thirteen parts. 



A disease called scarlatina has also been described as appear- 

 ing in the ox ; but probably it is the general fever, of which 

 " sore teats " are local manifestations. It is spoken of as an 

 acute inflammation of the skin and mucous surfaces, and is 

 similar to purpura heemorrhagica, the disease next to be dis- 

 cussed, though in this last-mentioned disorder the mucous 

 membranes of the nostrils and other parts are more markedly 

 swollen. Moreover, in scarlet fever these lining membranes are 

 covered with red points, whereby a scarlet hue is imparted, 

 while in cases of purpura, infiltrations of blood are seen. About 

 two days after the onset of the fever, there is an eruption of 

 minute spots on the mucous membranes of the eyes, nose, and 

 fauces, and these spots form bright scarlet patches. The erup- 

 tion, which terminates at about the seventh day, is most easily 

 seen in those parts which are covered with thin skin, and have 

 but little hair; for instance, the nose, axilla, and udder. Where 

 there is much cellular tissue, the parts swell, and if the swollen 

 parts are pressed upon pitting is generally produced, but pain is 

 not caused. The bowels are constipated, and albumen is often 

 present in the urine. 



It is in the fifteenth annual report of the Local Government 

 Board that we find the official account of the very striking simul- 

 taneity found to exist betwixt the occurrence of scarlatina in 

 various districts of London and the milk supplied from a dairy 

 farm at Hendon. At a certain time scarlatina had undergone a 

 sudden and notable increase in certain districts in London, and a 

 strikingly large proportion of the recorded cases had occurred 

 among persons who proved, on inquiry, to be customers of a milk 

 retailer dealing in this particular Hendon milk. It was found 

 that especial pains had been taken to render this farm at Hendon, 

 as the phrase goes, sanitarily perfect. Drainage, cleanliness, and 

 ventilation of the house, the farm-yard, the cow-sheds, and the 

 dairy, had all been thoroughly attended to. All needful appli- 

 ances for thorough cleansing of dairy utensils by hot water 

 or steam were at hand. Dr. Cameron had furthermore specially 

 attended to the health of those employed about the farm and 



