DISEASES OF THE OX AND SHEEP. 351 



such liability springs, is of such a character that it has not hitherto 

 attracted much attention on the part of cow-keepers, not being a 

 very dangerous disorder in so far as their cows are concerned. 



We see in the Times of May 28th, 1887, that Dr. Klein delivered 

 a lecture in London, on the subject of the transmissibility of 

 scarlet fever from the cow to human beings, and in relation with 

 this disease he described the micrococcus scarlatinse. He also 

 spoke generally on the very important question of the com- 

 municability of other diseases, such as diphtheria and typhoid 

 fever, to man, through the agency of contaminated milk. 

 There was also a leader in the TimeSy May 28th, on this most 

 important subject. 



Hence, judging from the above considerations, we find that 

 there has been observed a very striking coincidence between 

 the occurrence of a certain disease in cows on the one hand, and 

 of scarlatina in human beings who have ingested the milk of 

 these cows on the other. Moreover, Dr. Eussell, of Glasgow 

 {vide the Lancet of May 26th, 1888) has investigated an out- 

 break of scarlatina at Garnet Hill, and has adduced therefrom 

 evidence in support of the same view. He has proved that the 

 milk of a particular dairy was to be traced in connection with 

 a large number of cases of scarlatina, and also that the milk of 

 certain cows was in all probability the actual cause of the dis- 

 tribution of this disease. Moreover, he excluded the possibility 

 that the milk might perchance have been rendered infective by 

 the medium of human beings employed in milking or in the 

 distribution and supply of the milk. Some cows presented 

 appearances resembling those described as characterising the 

 Hendon cows, and water-colour drawings of the teats of the 

 Hendon cows were very similar in look to the teats of the 

 Glasgow cows. Furthermore, a calf fed on the milk of these 

 cows was almost immediately seized with a highly febrile illness 

 from the effects of which it nearly died, but finally recovered 

 after losing hair and copious casting of the skin. Lastly, Dr. 

 Carmichael cultivated micro-organisms obtained from these 

 animals. Further very striking, and indeed conclusive evidence 

 in support of the connection betwixt scarlet-fever in human 

 beings and a similar disease occurring in cows is to be found 

 in the account of Dr. Klein's further researches, which we now 

 proceed to consider. 



