DISEASES OF THE OX AND SHEEP. 399 



years ago, three cows were turned out into a field, where they 

 were supplied with water from a wooden trough, which had been 

 used for dressing wheat with arsenic previous to sowing. The 

 trough had been washed out and filled with water for drinking. 

 One of the cows died on the 22nd, the second on the 23rd, the 

 third on the 24th — i.e. two, three, and four days respectively 

 after the ingestion of the poison. 



When called on the 24th, we found one of the animals still 

 alive. The pulse was small, weak, and much accelerated, it 

 being 120 per minute. The cow was very restless, occasionally 

 sitting upon her haunches and stamping the ground, at times 

 with first one fore-foot and then the other. At times she rolled 

 over on her side, and moaned. The white of the eyes was much 

 injected ; the cow purged violently, and died at 10 p.m. on the 

 same day. The appearances after death from arsenical poisoning 

 as usual were very marked and characteristic. The rumen, or 

 paunch, was full of food, and in places it was inflamed, and 

 covered with a layer of lymph. The second stomach was 

 similarly aff'ected. The third stomach, or manyplies, was full ; 

 its folds were highly inflamed and of a deep red hue, approach- 

 ing to purple and black in some places. The small and large 

 intestines were inflamed, and the small intestines contained 

 much grey mucus. The fourth, or true stomach, was also 

 much inflamed. 



In cases of arsenical poisoning, copious quantities of linseed 

 mucilage and gruel should be administered, and the antidote, 

 the hydrated peroxide of iron freshly prepared, should be given 

 in ounce doses at intervals of an hour for three or four times, 

 and then every three hours for a day or so. In the later stages, 

 spirit of ammonia and brandy are to be given as stimulants, to 

 counteract the severe debility. In the first instance, if the purging 

 and pain be very great, tincture of opium may be given in two- 

 ounce doses at intervals of two hours. 



Poisoning by the preparations of lead is not uncommon ; but 

 we have never met with an instance in the ox. It may occur 

 through the ingestion of painters' refuse carelessly thrown into 

 the pasture. In case a fair amount has been taken, the ox 

 becomes dull and sleepy, and the pulse very weak and perhaps 

 imperceptible, and there is obstinate constipation. After a time 

 the pulse becomes more rapid and more full, while the animal 



