DISEASES OF THE OX AND SHEEP. 451 



bronchitis the matter is different. When the worms infest the 

 intestines of lambs, turpentine may be given, provided that due 

 precautions be taken against choking ; but there are far more 

 eflPectual remedies. Plenty of cake may be allowed to the 

 affected animals, and a small quantity of salt may be added to 

 the food. In case a flock is infested, medicine should be given 

 to each member of it, and two minutes should be occupied in 

 the administration of each drench. 



With regard to preventing attacks by the strongyli, it is to 

 be enjoined that lambs should be placed on fresh dry pastures, 

 and that they should not be fed upon a second crop of clover, 

 when the first crop has been fed upon by sheep. The pastures 

 from which the lambs are removed should be well dressed with 

 salt, in order to destroy the immature worm. 



Before we pass on to the consideration of other parasites, let 

 us now pause for a moment or two to take a rapid and sweep- 

 ing, but yet thoughtful, glance upon the dense and wondrous 

 world of living organisms, of which man himself exhibits the 

 highest form of development. In looking at this immense 

 living aggregate, we cannot fail to note many general points 

 regarding both union and antagonism which demand our most 

 serious attention. Of all the great truths concerning the huge 

 mass of living creatures, viewed in its complex entirety, per- 

 haps the most important is the observation that all animals and 

 plants are at once very intimately connected one with another, 

 and at the same time extremely diverse, and essentially opposed 

 in their habits and pursuits. The most striking generalisation 

 in relation to life, as in reference to the universe at large and 

 to every portion of it, is that there is manifested a very marked 

 degree of combination betwixt the most dissimilar units, whether 

 living or lifeless. This leading feature is shown in many different 

 ways, as well as in the marvellous set of facts which we are now 

 considering. 



The strange phenomena which come under the heading, Para- 

 sitism, afford examples of a peculiarly insidious nature of the 

 struggling which is always going on throughout the living 

 world, also instances of startling combinations between the 

 most dissimilar animals. 



The dangers belonging to the attacks of parasites partly con- 

 sist in the fact that they are so well hidden that they can only 



