DISEASES OF THE OX AND SHEEP. 569 



laxative dose is to be recommended. The tincture of iodine may 

 be prescribed in suitable doses, or iodide of potassium may be 

 given in the drinking water. Vegetable tonics may also be 

 beneficial, especially in the later stages. 



SUPPRESSION OF URINE. 



The urine may be completely suppressed, though only very 

 rarely, owing to acute inflammation of the kidneys. It is 

 frequently partly suppressed in acute febrile diseases. 



In oxen suffering from certain febrile states there may be a 

 deficient secretion of urine, and what is passed will then probably 

 be of high specific gravity. It is also sometimes the case that 

 this condition may be seen in draught oxen in dry countries, or 

 among cattle kept on dry pastures in hot, dry weather. According 

 to Mr. Parkes, a working ox, fed on dry food, should be supplied 

 with about seven gallons of water daily, and it is clear that in 

 parched-up fields, where the sources of water supply are often 

 dried up, oxen may often suffer from an insuflBciency of fluid. 



ALBUMINURIA. 



Albuminuria is a symptom of a large number of different 

 abnormal conditions. Although some persons say that albu- 

 minuria may occur independently of structural change, as a rule 

 it is due to congestion or inflammation of some part of the 

 urinary tract. When it is due to an affection of the kidney, 

 it is usually the result of cold, injuries, errors of diet, and, 

 speaking generally, its pathology consists in congestion or in 

 inflammation. 



Albuminuria may also be temporarily induced by cold, or 

 injuries acting upon the spinal cord, by errors of diet, such as, 

 for instance, those errors of diet which produce at one time 

 aneemia and at others plethora, such as sudden changes from 

 poor to very rich food, or from very rich to very poor aliment. 



Symptoms. — Albuminuria is itself but a symptom of a great 

 many different aftections, and hence the symptoms which are 

 associated with it vary considerably according to the disease. 

 Albumen is proved to be present by the usual chemical tests, 

 and the microscope reveals spherical, epithelial cells and granular 

 matter. 



Treatment. — The patient should be put into a comfortable 



