596 THE DISEASES AND DISORDERS OF THE OX. 



WARBLES. 

 We have already treated of Warbles rather exhaustively under 

 the heading ** Parasitism.'^ {Vide pp. 431 to 436). 



EINGWORM. 

 This very contagious disease shows itself by a number of 

 round scabby patches about the size of half-a-crown. If they 

 are peeled off, a raw surface is exposed, whence a yellowish fluid 

 exudes, by the drying of which the scabs are formed. The rings 

 may unite to form large patches. They are generally seen about 

 the head, especially arouod the eyes (producing a grotesque kind 

 of spectacled appearance), behind the ears, on the shoulders, 

 neck, back, and thighs, and, indeed, all over the body. The 

 disease produces a very unsightly appearance, and owners who 

 value the look of their herds should therefore employ measures to 

 rid their oxen of the complaint. There are two kinds of ring- 

 worm, viz. Tinea favosa and Tinea tonsurans. 



Tinea Favosa. 

 Tinea favosa is the name given to that kind of ringworm 

 which is caused by the fungus Achorion Schonleinii, the origin 

 of which is due to spores which have penetrated hair-follicles. 

 The spores gain entrance into the hairs as well as into the 

 cuticle. It is said not to originate in oxen, but to be rather easily 

 transmitted to them from other animals. The crusts should be 

 removed, and the underlying parts should be dressed with one 

 fluid part of diluted sulphurous acid, mixed with about three 

 fluid parts of glycerine. 



Tinea Tonsurans. 

 Tinea tonsurans is the name of that kind of ringworm which 

 is produced by the more simple fungus Trichophyton tonsurans^ 

 which does not project as cups on the surface, as in the case of 

 Tinea favosa, but is manifested by the presence of a fine powder 

 on the skin. It is capable of being transmitted not only from 

 one ox to other oxen, but also to other animals and to human 

 beings. Hence great care must be taken. Circular patches, 

 devoid of hair, are seen in various parts, and the skin is seen to 

 be scurfy, especially in the centre of the patches. The same 



