DISEASES OF THE OX AND SHEEP. 631 



the body, on the face and head, teats, nose, or other parts. 

 Sometimes these growths are firmly adherent by a large base ; 

 at other times they are very easily removable, having in such 

 instances only a small base. In some instances they may be 

 pulled off by the hand only, and sometimes they require for their 

 removal the clam and actual cautery. In these latter cases the 

 clam is fixed round the tumour at its base, and then the tumour is 

 burnt off. Any bland or soothing ointment, or black oil, is useful 

 as an after-dressing. Sometimes, being very diffuse, they are 

 very difficult to remove, and it is necessary to take off the skin 

 with them ; but they never penetrate into the tissues beneath the 

 skin. Some, we may point out, are loose and hang pendulously, 

 while others are spread out diffusely and grow into the skin. 

 Mr. J. Brodie Gresswell often operates on several beasts in a 

 herd, and takes off hundreds and hundreds of these tumours 

 in the course of each year. In colour the section resembles 

 that of a raw potato, and sometimes in appearance the tumour 

 may be compared to an onion. In other instances the growth 

 appears like a cauliflower excrescence. 



A third kind of tumour is made up of a highly vascular 

 material, and is generally found in well-bred beasts. These 

 tumours are about the same colour as the membrane from which 

 they grow, and the superficial surface is reddish and has the 

 appearance as if about to bleed. They may be about the size of 

 a couple of walnuts, and may be compared in general colour to 

 a small rose, being also diffuse and spread out at the surface. 

 These tumours are removable with the claiu and actual cautery. 

 They appear in the rectum and elsewhere. 



A fourth kind of tumour, a kind of so-called papillomatous 

 growth, appears on the penis of bulls. These are filiform 

 growths and are not very easily removable, but with a little skill 

 and care the removal of them presents no difficulty. In a case 

 where a cancer occurred in this part in a bull, slaughter of the 

 animal was decided upon as being preferable to treatment in this 

 instance. 



Of cancerous tumours, which are the fifth variety, we shall 

 not have more to say. 



Fatty tumours are the sixth kind. They are commonly seen 

 in the neighbourhood of the shoulder, and often weigh two to 

 three stones. These growths should be taken off with the knife 



