114 THE DISEASES OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS. 



the intestinal parietes, especially of the jejunum, are more or less 

 infiltrated with a sero-hsemorrhagic mass. Similar gelatino-haemor- 

 rhagic infiltrations may be seen in the omentum, mesenterium, in 

 the eapsula adiposa of the kidneys, the connective tissue of the in- 

 ferior parts of the neck and mediastinum. A sero-haemorrhagic 

 effusion is frequently to be met with in the abdominal and pleural 

 cavities, particularly the former. 



Ecchymoses of variable dimensions are frequently to be met 

 with in the muscles of the heart, also extravasations of variable extent 

 under the endocardium and epicardium, particularly about the auri- 

 cles. Hsemorrhagic effusions are frequently to be met with in the 

 sexual organs of females. Genuine carbuncular eruptions are sel- 

 dom met with along the intestinal canal of cattle. The rigor mortis 

 is not of a very severe grade ; a frothy, blood-stained fluid is fre- 

 quently to be seen issuing from the natural apertures of the body ; 

 the abdomen is frequently distended with gases. If animals are 

 slaughtered early in the disease, it is frequently impossible to con- 

 jecture its nature, if they have been allowed to bleed freely, and the 

 intestines, etc., have been carefully removed. This is an important 

 fact from a public-health point of view. 



The chief patho-anatomic variation in horses is that we meet 

 this gelatino-hsemorrhagic infiltration to a far greater extent than in 

 cattle. This peculiar yellow, serous, blackish infiltration is difficult 

 to describe ; but, after having once been seen, it does not easily pass 

 from remembrance, and, aside from anything else, even the fre- 

 quently asserted pathognomonic tumefaction of the spleen, is one of 

 the most characteristic pathological phenomena of anthrax. These 

 infiltrations may be met with wherever we have normally loose con- 

 nective tissue, the retro-pharyngeal and laryngeal region, along the 

 trachea and large blood-vessels and nerves, in the mediastinum and 

 mesenterium, the organs of the pelvis, and fatty capsule of the kid- 

 neys. 



The disease is not so marked along the intestinal tract in horses 

 as in cattle ; but we find carbuncular eruptions and erosions to a 

 greater extent than in the latter. 



The large glands of the body — kidneys, liver, spleen — are gen- 

 erally tumefied, the parenchyma clouded, and the vessels filled with 

 blood. The lymph-glands also show signs of hypertrophy, and 

 many bacteria are to be found in them. 



Aside from the characteristic bacteria, we find the white or col- 

 orless blood-cells numerically increased, sometimes immensely. 



Leucocytosis. — ^This condition is a transient numerical increase 



