200 THE DISEASES OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS. 



produce gelatinous infiltration. The grade of the anaemia present 

 decides the grade of the paleness, and the latter is not the secondary 

 but the primary condition of the lungs, into which the transudation 

 of fluid, etc., takes place. "When, however, the atelectatic parts are 

 at the same time hypersemic, as in vital hypostasis, and, in such 

 hypostatic-atelectatic parts, inflammation takes place, then we have 

 splenization. 



" Gelatinous infiltration, therefore, consists of atelectasis, om(2- 

 mia, transudation of fluid, and a moderate filling of the alveoli with 

 cells ; splenization, of atelectasis, hypostasia, hyperccmia^ transuda- 

 tion of fluid, and a moderate filling of the alveoli with, cells." 



The conditions to atelectasis and ansemia are always present in 

 emaciated horses. In such, the respiratory movements ai*e weak, 

 and they frequently suffer from bronchial catarrh. Atelectasis is 

 naturally to be found in those portions of the lungs where the con- 

 ditions to the free circulation of the air are the least favorable ; that 

 is, the middle and anterior portions of each lung. The extent of 

 the atelectasis is dependent upon the extension of the bronchial 

 catarrh, and the degree of weakness of the respiratory functions. 

 As such horses are also anaemic, the atelectatic portion of the lung 

 must be in a like condition. Atelectasis and ansemia are both quite 

 common in horses suffering from chronic glanders ; their respira- 

 tory functions are also weak, and they often suffer from bronchial 

 catarrh. Therefore, in such horses, the lungs are already j)repared 

 for gelatinous infiltration, and we see it occurs the moment they 

 acquire a catarrhal pneumonia. Gelatinous infiltration is, how- 

 ever, a secondary complication, and has no idiopathic connection 

 with glanders. Each can occur without the other, though the 

 former is a frequent complication of the latter. We frequently find 

 the pathological processes of glanders in small and circumscribed 

 portions of the lungs, while the gelatinous infiltrations complicate 

 extensive portions of the same. When the latter are very exten- 

 sive, we often see striking clinical phenomena, caused by local ca- 

 tarrhal pneumonia, which has come in as a secondary comj)lication 

 to glanders. Clinicians have then said that the glanders has be- 

 come acute, though in truth it has only become complicated by an 

 acute catarrhal pneumonia. 



" If they die in this condition, glanders has not been the cause, 

 but the accessory complication. If such horses have laid upon one 

 side for some time ante-mortem^ we shall find hypostatic hyperfemia 

 in the diseased portions of the lungs, and then, instead of gelatinous 

 infiltration, we shall find a splenized condition in the deeper-seated 



