TREATMENT OF CHOLERA 271 



have the animals while still small simultaneously treated, and thus 

 made immune for life against the hog-cholera disease. In this 

 manner you need not be afraid to place your animals on exhibition 

 anywhere, as there is no danger of them contracting the disease 

 if they have been properly immunized with reliable serum and 

 strong virus. 



Where, for any reason, it is not desired to carry out this method 

 of protection, the next best thing is to keep the exhibited animals 

 in a separate pen, far removed from the other animals of the herd, 

 for at least thirty days after their return home. In this manner 

 you will be able to keep the outbreak confined to the show animals 

 in case you are so unfortunate as to have had your animals infected. 

 The first plan is by far the better, but when not carried out the 

 second plan will at least keep the loss down to a low point, as com- 

 pared to that which would take place in case the entire herd were 

 infected. In case of very valuable animals, it is an excellent plan 

 to separate them into separate pens, with one animal in a pen. 

 By such means it may be possible to prevent the loss of more 

 than 1 or 2 animals, where otherwise there might be a loss of the 

 entire number exhibited. As these animals are usually quite 

 valuable, the saving of even a single animal that might otherwise 

 have been lost is worth considering. 



Other New Animals. — In connection with the relation exist- 

 ing between hog-cholera and public stock-yards, we have already 

 considered more or less thoroughly the relationship which may exist 

 between the outbreak of an epidemic of cholera and the bringing of 

 a new bunch of feeding cattle or sheep into the feed lots. This is, 

 however, such a fruitful source of danger, and one which is so com- 

 monly entirely overlooked, that I cannot but mention a few more 

 words of warning on this subject. 



We must get it thoroughly in mind that the virus of cholera 

 passes from the body of the sick animal in all of his body dis- 

 charges. The manure, the feces, the saliva, and even the sweat are 

 infectious and capable of transmitting the disease to other animals. 

 Cars in which cholera hogs are shipped to market are covered with 

 1 to 2 inches of decidedly disease-producing manure and dirt when 

 unloaded. If these cars are re-used, without thorough cleaning 

 and disinfection, for the shipment of cattle or sheep or other swine 



