522 DISEASES OF SWINE 



the litter than any other single measure. If the disease makes it 

 appearance the infected pen should be carefully cleaned and dis- 

 infected. All infected litter should be removed and burned. Other 

 pigs should be kept out of this pen, and sows that are about to 

 give birth to htters should be placed in pens as far removed as 

 possible from the one in which the disease exists. 



Care of Navel. — It is an excellent precaution, if the disease be 

 present on the farm, to carefully treat the navel of every new- 

 born pig as soon as possible after its birth. This can be done by 

 washing the cord with a strong solution of one of the tar disin- 

 fectants, using about a 10 per cent, solution, and then applying a 

 drying dusting-powder which contains a small amount of carbolic 

 acid in combination with stearate of zinc, alum, and starch. 



Echinacea. — In the active treatment of these cases there is 

 no single agent as effective as echinacea. If an abscess be present 

 at the navel it should be opened and allowed to drain. The 

 parts can now be thoroughly washed with a strong solution of 

 one of the disinfectants and freely bathed with a reliable prepara- 

 tion of echinacea or echafolta. In addition to this, give about 10 

 or 15 drops of the drug per mouth every three hours. To clear 

 out the bowels give a small dose of calomel, about 1 or 1^ gr. 

 This should be followed the next day by an ounce of castor oil. 

 Keep the pigs warm and in a clean, dry place. As stimulants, 

 teaspoonful doses of whisky, to which 5 drops of tincture of 

 nux vomica are added, may be given every three hours with the 

 echinacea. With this line of treatment carefully carried out a 

 large percentage of the cases should be saved. 



RABIES (HYDROPHOBIA) 



Rabies is one of the most common of the infectious diseases 

 in the dog, and, on account of the frequent association of dogs 

 with live stock, rabies is often transmitted by bites of the rabid 

 animals. This disease is one of the oldest of which we have definite 

 medical knowledge. In addition to dogs and swine, the disease 

 may be seen in horses, cattle, and sheep, as well as in man. 



Cause. — The cause of this disease in the hog is the bite of a 

 dog suffering from the disease. These mad dogs often get in a 

 feed lot and bite a large number of stock before they are discovered 



