724 DISEASES OF SWINE 



should penetrate skin, subcutaneous connective tissue, fat, and 

 external and internal oblique abdominal muscles. By this we 

 mean all tissues down to the peritoneum (lining of the abdominal 

 cavity) . The peritoneum is now carefully punctured with the point 

 of the knife, after which stretch or enlarge the incision sufficiently 

 to admit index-finger of the left hand. With this finger inside of 

 abdomen the left (upper) ovary is located by passing the finger 

 backward near fundus of bladder and upward toward vertebral 

 column ("backbone"). The ovary can be readily distinguished 

 from the other interabdominal viscera by its peculiar feel, as it 

 consists of hard lobules arranged in cluster form, simulating small 

 grapes. The left ovary and its accompanying Fallopian tube 

 ("horn") are now drawn through the incision. In young sows the 



Fig. 116. — P, Ovaries; Q, Fallopian tube ("horns"); R, emasculator. 



left tube is now followed back to the bifurcation, where the right 

 tube is encountered. The right tube is followed until right ovary is 

 located, after which draw the ovary out of abdomen through inci- 

 sion and place both ovaries (P) in emasculator and sever same by 

 closing handles of instrument. The tubes (Q) are now washed 

 and replaced in the abdominal cavity (Fig. 116), after which the 

 incision is closed by two interrupted sutures. These sutures should 

 be made with a No. 1 half-circle Hagedorn needle and No. 12 



