PART FIRST. 



EUTOKIA. 



Those divisions of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pathology which are 

 directly related to the processes oi generation, gestation, diwd parturition, as 

 well as that act itself, belong to the section of Obstetrics to which the 

 designation of EUTOKIA ( eu, well or favorable, rJ/oc, birth) has been 

 given. We shall discuss each of these subjects in the order in which 

 they now stand, commencing with the anatomy of the pelvis^ and of the 

 external and internal organs of generation. 



BOOK I. 



OBSTETRICAL ANATOMY. 



The female organs chiefly concerned in generation and parturition are 

 either entirely passive, or more or less active ; according as they are com- 

 posed of hard or bony, or soft parts. The pelvis constitutes the first, 

 while the second are composed of the organs and structures contained 

 within, or more or less directly attached to it. The pelvis also forms the 

 passage which, the fcetus has to traverse in order to reach the external 

 world in the act of parturition. 



The soft organs are the vulva, vagina, uterus, ovaries, and mammce : the 

 latter furnish the young creature with its proper nourisJiment immediately 

 after birth. Of these soft organs some are external, and others are internal ; 

 the first are the vulva and mammae, and the second are the vagina, uterus, 

 and ovaries. The vagina and the greater portion of the unimpregnated 

 uterus are contained in the cavity of the pelvis ; and the ovaries, as well 

 as the uterus during pregnancy, are lodged in the abdomen. 



Our study will commence with an examination of the pelvis in the vari- 

 ous domesticated animals, beginning with a description of the bones of 

 which it is composed ; then its ligaments ; and lastly, this osseous frame- 

 work, which is of much importance, will be considered as a whole, and 

 from an obstetrical point of view. 



Afterwards the external and internal organs of generation will be de- 

 scribed, and their differences noted in the various species. 



The equine species will be taken as the type, and the differences in the 

 other species compared with it. 



CHAPTER I. 

 The Pelvis. 



The pelvis is the large, symmetrical, more o'r less horizontal, conoidal 

 cavity or canal which continues the abdomen posteriorly, and with which 



