lo OBSTETRICAL ANATOMY. 



of the spinal cord. In this bone, however, instead of being circular, it 

 is triangular, and diminishes in width posteriorly. 



The position of the sacrum is more or less inclined downwards from 

 before to behind, according to the breed of the Mare. 



3. Coccyx, 

 The coccygeal or tail-bones are a series of small, cylindrical, or irregularly 

 prismatic pieces, from fifteen to eighteen in number, behind the sacrum, 

 the first three of which may be said to belong to the pelvis. They form 

 the base of the tail. 



Differences in the Bones of the Pelvis of other Animals. 



In all the domesticated animals, the coxai are nearly horizontal, and 

 the ilium has a vertical direction. 



Cow. 

 In the pelvis of the Cow, the space between the coxae is no greater 

 before than behind ; they are not so solid nor voluminous, comparatively, 

 as in the Mare. This is more particularly the case with the iliuffi, the iliac 



Pelvis of the Cow. 



A, Ilium ; B, Pubis ; C, Ischium ; D, Foramen Ovale ; E, Ischiatic Spine ; F, Cotyloia 

 Cavity ; G, Tuberosity of the Ischium. 



concavity of which is not so wide. It is more vertical than in the Mare. 

 The ischiu7n, though thinner than in the Mare, has a much wider surface, 

 and is more curved from before to behind and from side to side ; while 

 the ischiatic spine or supra-cotyloid crest is very prominent and thin. 

 Three tuberosities are observed on the postero-external angle. 



The pubis is wide and thin ; it has no channel on its inferior face, and 

 the upper face is ^rery concave. The foramen ovale is large, and its 

 margin thin. The symphysis is ossified earlier than in the Mare. 



The sacrum is longer, and more curved and voluminous than that of the 

 Mare. The lateral borders are sharp and directed downwards. It is 

 composed of the same number of vertebrae as in the Horse. The articular 

 surfaces for union with the coxae approach the vertical direction. 



