696 PATHOLOGY OF PARTURITION. 



lowing the offspring to suck, milking by hand every two hours, or drain- 

 ing of the fluid by the teat-syphon. When the swelling is great and the 

 skin tense, smearing with lard, butter, or olive-oil will often give relief, 

 and aid in dispersing the tumefaction. 



When mammitis is apprehended, Ziindel highly recommends inunction 

 with camphorated pomade, which, he asserts, is almost specific in its de- 

 obstruent action. At the same time salines, and particularly the bicar- 

 bonate of soda, are to be administered internally ; while a moderate 

 quantity of easily-digested food is to be given. 



When the redness or inflammation of the skin has a tendency to be- 

 come erysipelatous, Franck prescribes an ointment composed of sulphate 

 of iron (one part) and lard (eight parts) ; or, a liniment of carbolic acid 

 (one part) and olive-oil (thirty to forty parts). 



Inflammation of the Mamm^. 



All the domestic animals are liable to inflammation of the mammae ; 

 and it is somewhat frequent after parturition, though it also appears 

 after abortion. The Cow is oftenest attacked, and from the importance 

 of the lacteal secretion in this animal, it is always more or less serious, 

 especially as it may continue during the whole period of lactation, and 

 generally affects the best milk-producers. It is not so common in the 

 Goat and Sheep, and is still more rare in the Mare. It is seldom wit- 

 nessed in the Bitch, Sow, or Cat ; though when it does occur in the 

 former, it is liable to lead to the formation of neoplasms of different 

 characters in the glands. 



Various kinds of inflammation of the mammary glands have been de- 

 scribed — such as superficial or subcutaneous^ and deep ; acute and c/iro?tic, 

 active and passive or latent, and a rheumatismal form j while Saint-Cyr 

 gives a catarrhal. 7i phlegmonous, and 2i parenchymatous. 



The catarrhaliorm is — so far as its symptoms are concerned — allied 

 to that which we have described as due to congestion, and consists in an 

 inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the teats and lactiferous 

 sinuses. This inflammation is generally caused by the retention of the 

 milk in the gland ; this fluid becomes altered and coagulated, and the 

 clots irritate the membrane and inflame it, the inflammation extending 

 to the acini after a time. In the Cow the inflammation usually com- 

 mences in one quarter or gland, and may remain limited to it ; or it may 

 extend to the other quarter of the same side, and even to one or both of 

 the opposite side — though this is rare — by an extension of the morbid 

 process from the acini to the interstitial and interglandular connective 

 tissue. When more than one-quarter is involved, then the disease in 

 each varies in intensity. 



When limited to the mucous membrane, the inflammation induces a 

 kind of catarrh or special galactorrhoea which, according to Gerlach, is 

 not at all uncommon, and accounts for the serous or watery milk some- 

 times given by Cows ; and the same agency may lead to the spontaneous 

 coagulation of the milk, without any acidity being present. 



Symptoms. 



The animal does not at first appear to be much affected, and the 

 swollen gland or glands are evidently not very painful, the pain being 

 probably of a dull character. The skin is tense and shining, though 

 perhaps not reddened ; the teat is greatly enlarged, hard, and somewhat 



