50 EXPERIMENT STATION. [Jan. 



tiircs, and still break the sj)ray u]) finely. The nozzle should 

 not be encumbered, any more than the hose, with worthless me- 

 chanical devices which produce friction without adding anything 

 to its efficiency, and for this reason we believe that it is better 

 to employ mechanical devices to break up the spray after it has 

 left the nozzle rather than in the nozzle itself. This applies, of 

 course, to that type of nozzle intended to be used with high pres- 

 sure, either from the gTound or from a ladder, since in this case 

 it is necessary for us to have nozzles adapted to throw a certain 

 distance in order to reach the foliage, and have it broken up into 

 as fine a mist as possible. This does not apply to types of 

 nozzles like the Vermorel and Friend, which are well adapted to 

 the purposes for which they are intended. 



The question of competent men and good machinery is also 

 important in spraying. Any good reliable man of common sense 

 can learn to spray in a short time, and there should be little 

 difficulty in securing such men if they are treated properly and 

 well paid. 



As regards spraying outfits, there is still a chance for im- 

 provement in many ways. There are, however, many good 

 power sprayers on the market. The l^ew Leader spraying ma- 

 chine, made by the Field Force Pump Company of Elmira, 

 N^. Y., of which there are several in use in the Connecticut valley, 

 has proved to be satisfactory. This is provided with a 31/2 horse- 

 power engine, and is one of the cheapest and best machines on 

 the market. A machine of this type, while not so thoroughly 

 constructed in some respects as the larger and more expensive 

 machines, is capable of doing good work for some years. The 

 type of machines which depend upon charging with carbonic 

 acid gas for their power we consider failures for any kind of 

 work, since the pressure is never constant, and much of the 

 time is too low for any kind of spraying. The company which 

 manufactures these has recently constructed a machine in which 

 the power is compressed air instead of gas. This air is con- 

 stantly pumped and pressed into large cylinders, which are at- 

 tached to the truck. One of the difficulties in a machine of this 

 type for high-pressure work consists in the use of very heavy 



