of importing into Great Britain so mucli grain, flour, provisions, and gitano. Some 

 night-soil is saved, perhaps five or ten per cent, of the quantity that might be ; but the 

 loss of that from twenty millions of persons, is equal to casting $100,000,000 into the 

 sea. Of our population, now twenty-five millions, no class saves fertilizers equal to the 

 consumption of one million people, or four per cent, of the whole, so that our annual 

 loss exceeds $100,000,000 from this source alone. But we habitually waste the drop- 

 pings of our domestic animals, and, unlike England, export vast quantities of cotton, 

 breadstufl:s, and pro^^sions, which added to the elements of crops washed out of the soil 

 in the process of tillage, and by the action of our hot summer sun, bring up our loss, 

 otherwise than in food consumed, to at least another $100,000,000 a year. More than 

 20,000,000 acres are devoted to the production of annual harvests, in the Middle, 

 Western, and Southern States, whose crops are sent out of the States in which they are 

 gro^vn. To apply a ton of guano to each ten acres thus deprived of the things that make 

 grain, meat, cotton, and tobacco, allowing only 200 lbs, to the acre, would demand the 

 annual importation of hvo million tons. This would cost in our seaports $40 per ton, or 

 $80,000,000. But there are at least 60,000,000 acres being gradually impoverished in 

 the United States ; and a single dose of manure, equal in value to four dollars per acre, 

 involves an outlay of $240,000,000 a year. By carefully husbanding manure, the farmers 

 of Belgium, after feeding the densest population in Europe, have a considerable surplus 

 of meat and grain for export. It is only the people who speak the English languao-e 

 that fail to appreciate this obvious truth: — The inhabitants of Cities ar.e bound to feed 

 the land which feeds them. The citizens of London and New York do not possess 

 common sense enough to comprehend one of the plainest laws of Providence. Our rural 

 economy is anything but economical^ and that of Great Britain is but a shade better. 



LIVE STOCK IN SEVENTEEN OF THE LARGEST NATIONS OF EUEOPE IN 1851. 



Rorse^. OaiUe. Sheep. Pigs. Goats. Asses <& Mules. 



France, 2,S1S,196 9,936,536 82,151,430 4,910.720 964,800 T8T,380 



Great Britain, 1,500,000 6,865,000 32,000,000 4,O0(i;00O 210,000 



KuBsia, 13,660,000 22,120,000 39,000,000 6,300,000 1,550,000 



Austria .' 2,82T,130 11,471,623 8:3,767,000 7,000,000 4*3,000 92 908 



Prussia 1,570,000 5,042,000 16,260,000 2,116,000 395,000 



Belgium 250,000 912,740 730.649 421,208 ' a5,000 



Turkey 1,950,000 8,200,000 14,3g0,000 300,000 1,500,000 



Spain, 800,000 2,000,000 18,000,000 2,000,000 4,000,000 900,000 



Denmark 825,019 834,173 1,164,544 157,599 _ 



Bavaria, 349,690 2,625,294 1,899,898 &42,851 107,236 



Sweden and Norway,.... 501,378 2,474,615 2,854,180 892,438 177,470 



Hanover, 257,300 794,000 1,631,000 201,000 8,000 



Wurtemberg 106,350 1,186,780 676,659 167,219 27,947 



Stales of tlie Church, 64,500 171,800 1,256,000 246,200 123,300 5,500 



IVoSiciUes, 160,000 400,000 4,000,000 2,000,000 1,000,000 210,000 



Portugal, 817,000 740,000 4,980,000 720,000 1,400,000 



G reece, 120,000 900,000 2,500,000 40,000 800,000 



THE WINTERING OF STOCK. 



cLi 



There are three facts connected with the wintering of stock which ought to be well 

 considered by every one who keeps a cow, horse, pig, or sheep. 



1. It is a fact that the production of animal heat in the body consumes more than 

 half of the food taken into the stomach. 



2. It is a fact that external warmth serves as an equivalent of food to an extent which 

 is of gi*eat economical importance. 



.3. It is a fact that the aliment daily taken into the systems of all animals, showld be 

 precisely adapted, by its chemical composition and solubility, to the natural wants of 

 every organ and tissue in the living being. 



To the above, we might add other truisms in the keeping of domestic animals, did not 

 long experience admonish us that a few facts, clearly stated, are more useful to a majority 





