INTRODUCTION 9 



... a laggard in love and a dastard in war 

 Was to wed the fair Ellen of young Lochinvar. 



It is essential also that a man should have a sense of the 

 justness of his cause. It is essential that society should 

 not refuse him the fruits of his success out of mis- 

 directed sympathy with the loser. 



But, for one tribe to exist against the pressure of 

 surrounding peoples, a new group of qualities are 

 needed. The power of combination and organization, 

 the social instinct, readiness for self-sacrifice to the 

 common good, love of home, country, and race — in a 

 word, patriotism — all are needed to bring to birth and 

 to develop a nation fit to hold its own in the fiery trial 

 of war, and in the slow, grinding stress of economic 

 competition. 



Thus, out of the very agony and weariness of the 

 strife, is born that social and moral sense which gives 

 to man his highest attribute and noblest reason for 

 existence. The individual struggle favours physical 

 vigour and mental ability ; but those races of men 

 endowed with fellow-feeHng and a spirit of far-seeing 

 self-sacrifice alone are capable of forming a strong and 

 homogeneous people. Both kinds of struggle have 

 played their part in the growth and decay of the races 

 of mankind, and in the rise and fall of successive 

 civilizations. Both have been necessary in the past, 

 ; while man has been pressing onwards, blind and deaf 

 to the meaning and tendency of the ceaseless strife 

 around him. 



There is an obvious though superficial antagonism 

 between some manifestations of the moral qualities when 

 developed and the full action of the purifying pains in 



