Fowl Tuberculosis 345 



FOWL TUBERCULOSIS. 

 BACILLUS TUBERCULOSIS AVIUM. 



The occasional spontaneous occurrence of tuberculosis in 

 chickens, parrots, ducks, and other birds, observed as early 

 as 1868 by Roloff* and Paulicki,f was originally attributed 

 to Bacillus tuberculosis hominis, but the work of Rivolta,| 

 Mafucci, Cadio, Gilbert and Roger, || and others has shown 



Fig. 99. Bacillus tuberculosis avium. 



that, while very similar to it in many respects, the or- 

 ganism found in the avian diseases has distinct peculiari- 

 ties which make it a different variety, if not a separate 

 species. Cadio, Gilbert, and Roger succeeded in infecting 

 fowls by feeding them upon food containing tubercle bacilli, 

 and keeping them in cages in which dust containing tubercle 

 bacilli was placed. The infection was aided by lowering 

 the temperature of the birds with antipyrin and lessening 

 their vitality by starvation. 



* "Mag. f. d. ges. Tierheilkunde," 1868. 

 f'Beitr. zur vergl. Anat.," Berlin, 1872. 

 j "Giorn. anat. fisiol. e path.," Pisa, 1883 

 "Zeitschrift fur Hygiene," Bd. xi. 

 || "La Semaine medicale," 1890, p. 45. 



