468 



EMBRYOLOGY. 



by means of a slender stalk only (fig. 264 A st). They possess 

 spacious cavities within, which are connected with the system of 

 brain-ventricles through the narrow canal of the stalk of the optic 

 vesicle. In many Vertebrates, in which the central nervous system- 

 is formed as a solid structure, as in the Cyclostomes and Teleosts,. 

 the optic vesicles are also without cavities ; these do not make- 

 their appearance until the central nervous system becomes a. 

 tube. 



Since the brain is for a long time separated from the primitive 

 epidermis by only an exceedingly thin sheet of connective tissue,, 

 the primary optic vesicles at the time of their evagination either 

 apply themselves directly to the epidermis, as in the case of the 

 Chick, or are separated from it by only a very thin intervening 



layer, as in Mammals. 



Upon each optic vesicle 

 can be distinguished a 

 lateral, a median, an upper 

 and a lower wall. I 



Fig. 264. Two diagrams illustrating the development 

 of the eye. 



A, The primary optic vesicle (aw), joined by a hollow 



stalk () to the between-brain (zh), is invaginateJ 

 as a result of the devel .pment of the lens-pit (lg). 



B, The lens-pit has become abstricted to form a lens- 



vesicle (la). From the optic vesicle has arisen the 

 optic cup with double walls, an inner (ib) and an 

 outer (db) ; 1st, stalk of the lens ; gl, vitreous body. 



designate as lateral that 

 surface which reaches the- 

 epidermis at the surface 

 of the body, as median 

 the opposite wall joined 

 with the stalk of the optic 

 vesicle, and finally as lower 

 the one which lies on 

 a level with the floor of 

 the between-brain. These designations will be useful in acquainting 

 ourselves with the changes which the form of the optic vesicle 

 undergoes during its imagination, which occurs at two places, namely ',. 

 at its lateral and lower surfaces. One of the imaginations is connected 

 with the development of the lens, the other with the formation of the- 

 vitreous bitty. 4*^ 



The jirsl fundament of the lens appears in the Chick as early as 

 the second day of incubation, in the Kabbit about ten days after 

 the fertilisation of the egg. At the place where the epidermis 

 passes over the surface of the primary optic vesicle (fig^ 264 A Ig), 

 it becomes slightly thickened and invaginated into a small pit (lens- 

 pit). The pit, by its deepening and by the approximation of its 

 edges until they meet, is converted into a lens-vesicle (tig. 264 B Is), 

 which for a time preserves its connection with its parental substra,- 



